Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a significant health threat for adults. Although conjugate vaccines have reduced pneumococcal CAP incidence in children, Streptococcus pneumoniae-related CAP remains prevalent among older adults. The nasopharynx acts as a reservoir for S. pneumoniae, yet the interplay between this pathogen and the nasopharyngeal microbiome during and after pneumonia remains po

Materien som vi består av och kommer i kontakt med är uppbyggd av atomer med kärnor bestående av protoner och neutroner. De är exempel på hadroner, partiklar sammansatta av de fundamentala partiklarna kvarkar och gluoner. Dessa interagerar via den starka kraften, vilken likt gravitationen, elektromagnetismen och den svaga kraften är en fundamental kraft som styr utformningen av vårt universum. UndStrong force dynamics in the non-perturbative regime remains a poorly understood aspect of quantum chromodynamics. In collisions of heavy ions, the near-side ridge and enhanced elliptic flow are widely regarded as signatures of the collective motion of deconfined partons in a thermalized medium. On the other hand, no corresponding explanation has been found for the appearance of these signatures i

The U.S.-China trade war, which began in 2018, remains a critical issue in global trade, with Trump’s return to office in January 2025 heightening tensions as he threatens to impose further tariffs on, and beyond, China. This thesis investigates both the direct effects of U.S. tariffs on trade between the U.S. and China and the indirect effects on Vietnam. The primary focus is to examine Vietnam&#

Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka korruptionens påverkan på ekonomisk tillväxt. Detta är en central fråga då korruption kan hämma samhällsutveckling och effektiviteten i ekonomiska institutioner. Studien använder en paneldataregression för att analysera sambandet mellan korruption och BNP per capita-tillväxt i 179 länder under perioden 1996–2023. Med hjälp av en paneldataanalys med fixed efThe purpose of this study is to examine the impact of corruption on economic growth. This is a central issue around the world, as corruption can reduce social development and the effectiveness of economic institutions. The study uses a paneldata regression to analyze the relationship between corruption and GDP per capita growth in 179 countries over the period 1996–2023. By employing a paneldata m

Studien undersöker balansräkningsåtgärders effekt på hushållens skuldkvot. Genom tidsserieregression med kvartalsdata för Sverige och USA under perioden 2004-2024 ger studien stöd till att balansräkningsåtgärders effekt beror på ekonomins allmänna tillstånd. När det används som ett komplement till penningpolitiken under normala marknadsförhållanden är nettoeffekten av balansräkningsåtgärder positi

The thesis sets out to investigate the research question “Does subject certification affect student achievement in mathematics?” By using data from an international large-scale assessment of student skills, Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), the thesis uses student achievement scores in mathematics as the dependent variable in a series of multiple linear regression mode

A barrier option is a financial derivative whose payoff depends on the underlying asset breaching a predefined barrier level. Compared to vanilla options, barrier options are less expensive and may be customized for specific risk management strategies or strategic financial applications. In practice, the underlying asset is monitored only at discrete times, yet accurate and efficient pricing of di

The future price of the FOREX rate is important for export-dependent countries and companies and the research regarding price prediction of FOREX is skewed towards the major currency pairs, leaving the smaller currency pairs to be unexplored. The study aimed to answer if the Multi-layer Perceptron (MLP) or the Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) is the most suitable model for forecasting the rate of a s

This thesis studies the impact of the war in Ukraine on stock prices of firms within the European defense industry. While previous studies have examined the effects of war on stock prices of defense firms, fewer studies specifically focus on the war in Ukraine. Furthermore, this thesis focuses solely on European defense firms, offering a new geographical perspective to the topic. Additionally, the

Investors are constantly seeking information that can provide a competitive advantage in the market. Using online platforms along with traditional media sources supply a constant source of information available to investors. Among the available information, Google Trends scores provide insights into investor attention and sentiment. To understand whether there is a relationship between Google Tren

While studies on the relationship between health, income, healthcare spending and productivity is generally consistent, little attention has been brought to the regional contexts. Meanwhile, a country like Sweden who is generally known for a well-established healthcare system and welfare state, experiences increasing regional disparities. This thesis investigates the relationship between health, i

This study aims to examine whether sustainable firms are more sensitive to economic hardship such as an economic crisis, high inflation and low GDP-growth than companies with less focus on sustainability. The research is based on publicly available taxonomy scores of twenty-three of largest publicly traded stocks in Sweden between 2003-2023. The results from three regressions, based on the same mo

This study aims to investigate if inflexible investment agreements limit countries’ environmental ambition, mainly focusing on the potential existence of regulatory chill. A panel dataset of 54 countries covering the years from 2008 to 2023 is used to examine the relationship. The analysis employs a fixed effects regression model, initially applying the Environmental Kuznets Curve theoretical fram

Denna uppsats syftar till att stärka förståelsen för dynamisk prissättning och dess möjligheter genom att undersöka effekterna på samhällsnyttan om dynamisk prissättning används inom kollektivtrafiken. Kollektivtrafiken har en stor påverkan på samhällsnyttan och är ett verktyg som kan bidra till att minska social exkludering. Det är därför av stor betydelse att utbudssidan av kollektivtrafiken max

This study evaluated the potential effects of the free trade agreement between the EU and South Korea using a dynamic difference-in-difference gravity regression. The analysis covers the period from 2000 to 2019. The results indicate that the effects were initially weak but gradually increased over time, based on the chosen reference year.

The aim of this thesis is to study whether high retail ownership of a firm impacts the market response to an earnings announcement. To this end, I utilize the traditional event-study methodology in combination with cross-sectional regression. The latter is used to examine whether a company’s ownership structure affects abnormal returns. Two event windows were analyzed, a three-day window and an el

Denna avhandling föreställer sig en ny typ av typologi i staden, en som är sådd och odlad av och för de äldre och de unga. Ett mötesrum som främjar generationsöverskridande relationer och samarbete, samtidigt som det minskar ensamhet och främjar stimulerande miljöer för social utveckling. Genom att omvandla en oanvänd parkering i centrala Stockholm till ett gemensamt utrymme som är delvis trädgårdThis thesis imagines a new type of typology in the city, one that is seeded and cultivated by and for the elderly and the young. A meeting space that fosters intergenerational connections and collaboration while reducing loneliness and promoting stimulating environments for social development. By transforming an unused parking lot in central Stockholm into a shared space that is part garden, part

The combustion of conventional Jet A, alongside two alternative jet fuels, C1 and C5, is simulated with Large Eddy Simulations (LES) in a generic single-cup spray combustor during idle and cruise conditions. The spray is modeled using Lagrangian particle tracking and the combustion chemistry of each fuel is modeled by skeletal reaction mechanisms. The volatility and atomizability of each fuel dire

This work presents a framework for designing self-locking 3D compliant structures using elasto-plastic topology optimization. Design updates are generated using the gradient-based method of moving asymptotes, while the material behavior is modeled under small strain elasto-plasticity. To accurately capture the Bauschinger effect that occur during reversed loading, kinematic hardening is a crucial