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During the biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) process, the phosphorus accumulating organisms (PAOs) accumulates excess phosphorus in the form of polyphosphorus (poly-P) in the aerobic phase. In the following anaerobic zone, PAOs take up volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and simultaneously releases poly-P. Through hydrolysis of the biosludge, the slowly biodegradable organic carbon is degraded into VFA

Although Easterlin’s hypothesis of relative income has been widely supported by the majority of researchers that have tested it, these researchers have aimed to find a relationship between relative cohort size and fertility in the same time period that Easterlin examined. In this paper I argue that for the Easterlin hypothesis to be supported, it has to hold across nations as well as across time.

This paper aims to analyze and illustrate how the Swedish authorities and organizations in the province of Skåne manage and experience the phenomenon of stalking from a government and victim perspective. In October 2011 the phenomenon became penal provision olaga förföljelse (unlawful persecution) in Swedish law, in the Penal Code. The paper further illustrates the possible advantages and disadvan

The main reason for this thesis was to broaden my knowledge and learn more about lead users in the context of alternative sports, where an experimental and creative mindset is greatly rewarded. The work is centred around two avid winchboarders with the ambition to improve their activity and broaden the constraint that they are experiencing. Field research was the main tool for analysing the posi

This thesis focuses on the case of education and habilitation services in Cienfuegos, Havana, and Pinar del Rio to describe the well-being of persons with intellectual disability. The welfare of the target group is assessed through an ethnographic study of how actors from the societal sectors policy/service/household perceive that the well-being of individuals with intellectual disability is and c

This study investigates the path to high health spending among local governments in Indonesia under the setting where administrative, fiscal, and political decentralization are already in place. The motivation behind this study is that Indonesia still has low level of health outcomes. Small amount of health spending is one prominent reason for this lack of achievement. However, the effort in impro

Biotechnology company Medetect AB has developed a technology for staining of multiple cell types in the same tissue sample enabling positioning of cells as well as giving a way to distinguish between cell types. With new methods of visualising human tissue at a cellular level, comes a need to analyse this data. In this thesis, we therefore investigate some new methods, spectral non-parametric as w

This study aims at investigating whether ICT use enables firm innovation. Moreover, it aims at ascertaining whether ICT use determines firms’ degree of innovativeness and cooperation with different types of partners such as customers, suppliers and research institutions. Based on detailed Swedish firm-level data provided by Statistics Sweden that combines the innovation survey from 2012 with the s

Parents of children with mental disabilities experience more stress than other parents. This paper presents the results of a qualitative study consisting of semi-structured interviews conducted with six parents of children with autistic spectrum disorder. The aim of the study was to examine what strategies parents of children with autistic spectrum disorder use in order to manage and cope with eve

Ukraine is at a cross roads. Several important decisions are needed to be made and carried out in a short time to secure the future of their in many cases broken and inefficient district heating systems (DHS), which heat the homes and offices of millions Ukrainians today. To make matters worse they have foreign interests panting down their necks with demands of payments regarding gas bought and im

Climate change is expected to increase the frequency and intensity of the most severe weather-related hazards over the coming decades. The poor in developing countries are particularly susceptible to climate change, often living in informal or precarious settlements. In order to reduce the vulnerability in those areas and strengthen people´s capacities to adapt to climate change, there is a need f

Fast driftställe är den mest centrala frågan i internationell företagsbeskattning och grunden till att Sverige får beskatta utländska företag. Tyvärr finns det knapphändig lagstiftning avseende flera aspekter av utländska företags skatterättsliga närvaro i landet. Det saknas t.ex. lagstiftning om den huvudsakliga effekten av att inneha ett fast driftställe såsom skatteberäkningen samt avslut av faPermanent establishment is the most central matter in international corporation tax, and is the reason why Sweden has the right to tax foreign companies. Unfortunately, the Swedish legislation is very brief in many aspects of foreign companies’ matters of taxation. There is e.g. no legislation regarding the main effects of having a permanent establishment i.e. the tax calculation of a permanent es

Denna magisteruppsats bygger på en översättning av utdrag ur Mark Fishers essäsamling Ghosts of My Life: Writings on Depression, Hauntology and Lost Futures (2014). Uppsatsen består av tre delar: En källtextanalys baserad på Lennart Hellspong och Per Ledins analysmodell i Vägar genom texten (1997), överväganden inför översättningen och en fördjupad översättningskommentar. Med utgångspunkt i att kä

The relationship between monetary policy and stock market has been discussed since 1970s, but it is still one of the hot topics due to the changing market condition over time among different countries and the development of empirical methodologies. Owing to the fact that the stock market of China has involved in the fast-growing of Chinese economy, identifying the relationship between interest rat

In circular accelerators, and in storage rings in particular, charged particles are kept in a closed orbit for a very long time by means of a magnet lattice. When the particle beam is bent by the magnetic field it emits light, which decreases the particle beam energy by an amount equal to the radiated energy. Over many bends in the magnets and many turns in the machine, these relatively small ener

Purpose: With our study we aim to uncover the gendered nature of personal branding by exploring the phenomenon from women’s perspectives. Theoretical Framework: Our study draws on theory from scholarly literature on gender in organizations and personal branding as well as on popular personal branding literature. Methodology: Locating our qualitative research in the interpretive and critical femini

One of many possible applications for membranes in industries is to separate valuable products from wastewater. However, usage of membranes inevitably leads to fouling. Fouling means that the treated solution affects the membrane and causes a permanent decrease of the permeate flux. That means that the membrane requires cleaning so that the flux can be restored and the full potential of the membra

Formaldehyde is an important chemical which is used as an intermediate and for the production of urea-formaldehyde, which is used in the production of plywood. The purpose of this report is to investigate to how impurities in methanol, that is the raw material in formaldehyde production, will affect the production. This report have mainly looked at how the impurities affect the by-products. This p

Currently the production cost of lignocellulosic ethanol is considered to be relatively high. Large fractions of the production cost come from the raw material and the energy consumed in the distillation. Therefore it is desirable to have a process that yields high concentration of ethanol and maximizes the utilization of the biomass. Wheat straw is a promising raw material for lignocellulosic eth

Athletic sportswear brands endorse celebrity-athletes to promote the brand’s image and gain credibility by having these ‘experts’ associated with their brand. This marketing technique is often advantageous for sportswear companies. However, there may be liabilities and complications for the brand if the endorsed athlete becomes involved in a scandal. The two main purposes of this thesis are to ass