Dispersal is commonly considered to be a condition-dependent behaviour with no or low heritability. Here, we show that dispersal in the great reed warbler (Acrocephalus arundinaceus ) has a high heritability. Analyses of capture-recapture data of male great reed warblers gathered from the species' whole Swedish breeding range revealed a remarkable offspring-parent resemblance in dispersal behaviou

Plots in a 40-yr-old Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) stand in S. Sweden were treated with 5 tons tonnes? lime/ha, 7.5 tons wood-ash/ha, or left untreated. One-yr-old P. sylvestris seedlings were planted in each of the plots in early June, 12 months after ash treatment and 18 months after lime treatment. The pH of the limed, ash treated and untreated plots were 5.2, 6.4 and 3.8, respectively. Four mo

Streptomyces genomes encode two homologs of the nucleoid-associated HU-proteins. One of them, here designated HupA, is of a conventional type similar to E. coli HUalpha and HUbeta, while the other, HupS, is a two-domain protein. In addition to the N-terminal part that is similar to HU proteins, it has an additional C-terminal domain that is similar to the alanine and lysine-rich C-termini of eukar

Purpose To explore the effect of high-dose ifosfamide in first-line treatment for patients

Simulations with the EGSnrc code package of an orthovoltage x-ray machine have been performed. The BEAMnrc code was used to transport electrons, produce x-ray photons in the target and transport of these through the treatment machine down to the exit level of the applicator. Further transport in water or CT based phantoms was facilitated by the DOSXYZnrc code. Phase space files were scored with BE

Polysulfone main chains have been functionalized with hypersulfonated aromatic side chains where the sulfonic acid groups were highly concentrated on a local scale, with two acid groups placed on the same aromatic ring. This molecular design was implemented to promote the nanophase separation that takes place in proton-exchange membranes between the hydrophobic polymer main chain and the hydrophil

A Surprisingly high degree of structural and compositional dynamics is observed in the system LiBH4-LiCl as a function of temperature and time. Rietveld refinement of synchrotron radiation powder X-ray diffraction (SR-PXD) data reveals that Cl- readily substitutes for BH4- in the Structure of LiBH4. Prolonged heating a sample of LiBH4-LiCl (1:1 molar ratio) above the phase transition temperature a

Despite the widespread dissemination of clinical practice guidelines on the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease (CVD), CVD causes one third of deaths worldwide and almost half of all deaths in the developed world. It is therefore likely that, although some aspects of CVD management have improved, there is still a significant shortfall between what is known about CVD prevention and w

In this work, we reconstructed in vitro the behavior of two motor proteins-myosin and actin-responsible for the mechanical action of muscle cells. By transferring this in vivo system to an artificial environment, we were able to study the interaction between the proteins in more detail, as well as investigating the central mechanism of force production. Nm-patterning by e-beam lithography (EBL) co

A single biopsy is a poor estimator of the muscle fibre cross-sectional area (CSA) for a whole human muscle because of the large variability in the fibre area within a muscle. To determine how the sampling errors in biopsy techniques can be reduced, data on the CSA of type 1 and type 2 fibres obtained from cross-sections of whole vastus lateralis muscle of young men, have been analysed statistical

Speed and accuracy are crucial prerequisites in the application of proteomic methods to clinical medicine. We describe a microfluidic-based nanovial array for rapid proteolytic processing linked to MALDI-TOF MS. This microscale format consumes only minute amounts of sample, and it is compatible with rapid bioanalytical protocols and high-sensitivity readouts. Arrays of vials (300 mu m in diameter

Three models are used to study the effect of many-body polarization in the solvation of non-dipolar molecules and ions in water. Two of the models are very simplified and are used to show a number of basic principles of correlation of solvent degrees of freedom and asymmetric solvent structures. These principles are used to interpret results from the third model: an accurate simulation of para-ben

In this work, Electronic Speckle Pattern Interferometry (ESPI) is presented as a non-invasive tool to study drug transport in controlled release systems. ESPI is shown to be a feasible tool to measure drug film permeability via comparison with an ordinary diaphragm cell. A specially designed cuvette was used in the release study: the polymeric film separated the donor and the receiving chambers of

In a comparative investigation, 369 patients operated upon for perforated appendicitis were studied retrospectively. During the period 1973-1979 181 patients with perforated appendicitis, treated at Sundsvall Hospital, were all given postoperative peritoneal lavage, whereas 188 patients with the same diagnosis treated at Skovde Hospital received no such treatment. Appendicectomy was performed in a

The possibility and biological effects of substituting silicon in a-tricalcium phosphate (alpha-TCP) by way of solid-state reaction have been evaluated. a-TCP powders with varying substitution amounts (1 and 5 mol % Ca2SiO4) were synthesized by reacting mixtures of CaCO3, Ca(2)P(2)O7, and SiO2, at a rate of 4 degrees C(min)(-1) to 1100 degrees C, left to dwell for 2 h and then heated to 1325 degre

It is argued that the Achilles heel of contemporary sociology – and great parts of social science – is a) weak theory development, and b) absence of a meta-theory providing a common platform and a shared goal for its practitioners, fostering cumulativity. A meta-theory called causal realism (a variant of critical realism) is suggested for these purposes. The main tenets and key concepts of realism

Existing research on supranational autonomy in the European Union (EU) is predominantly concerned with political and judicial agenda-setting, whereas the supranational institutions' capacity to exert independent influence in post-decisional enforcement has received more limited attention. Employing principal-agent analysis, this article explores an important component of the supranational institut