Underinvestment happens when an investor abstain from investing in an asset, even if the investment is beneficial for the customer, because it does not perceive a profitable return on the specific investment. The risk for underinvestment is high in projects which rely on high asset specificity and towards the end of contract lifespan. This paper builds upon a qualitative analysis of documentation

Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling behandlar komplexa optimerings problem med artificiella neuron nätverk (ANN) tekniker och diverse verktyg från den teoretiska fysiken. För många typer av komplexa optimerings problem kan den mänskliga hjärnan prestera ett snabbt och hyfsat bra svar. ANN bygger på en mycket rudimentär bild av hur det riktiga de riktiga neuronerna i hjärnan arbetar, syftPotts mean field artificial neural network techniques are developed and applied to airline crew scheduling problems and routing problems. A propagator formalism in terms of Potts neurons is developed to handle global topological issues. An integrated method for identifying and classifying ECG complexes is presented. Unsupervised self-organizing artificial neural networks are employed to cluster t

Denna rapport har kallats ”Man kan inte klara hur mycket som helst”, efter ett uttalande från en av de intervjuade cheferna. Studien ingår som ett led i KVAR-projektet vid Arbetslivsinstitutet Syd i Malmö. Vid intervjuerna framkom vissa faktorer i försäkringskassemedarbetarens arbetsmiljö som enligt chefernas beskrivning kan utgöra ett hot mot medarbetarnas hälsa och arbetstillfredsställelse. Ur c

Search for scientific references on long-term effects of intelligent vehicle systems was carried out in the Transport (Ovid SP) database, produced by OECD, TRB (US) and ECMT (EU), as well as finding related articles on Google Scholar. Methods used in the reviewed studies include instrumented vehicles, field operations tests, in-car observation, cohort studies, interview studies, focus groups and d

Popular Abstract in Swedish Olika arter av stora växtätare lever på platser spridda över nästan hela jordklotet. På många av dessa platser samlar vi människor data för att kunna skatta storleken på deras populationer. Anledningen till att detta görs varierar från plats till plats, det kan till exempel vara för att djuren är utrotningshotade, för att kunna bedriva nöjesjakt eller för att begränsa aLarge herbivores are monitored for various reasons in many areas around the world. Data from such monitoring can be of varying degree of detail and extent. Several studies have shown that we need extensive amounts of data with a high degree of detail to be able to understand anything from it. Nevertheless, data in the less detailed form of annual censuses of large herbivore densities and weather i

When designing flexible multi-sensor based robot systems, one important problem is how to combine the measurements fromdisparate sensors such as cameras and force sensors. In this paper,we present a method for combining direct force control and visualservoing in the presence of unknown planar surfaces. The controlalgorithm involves a force feedback control loop and a vision basedreference trajecto

En mycket stor del av den totala råvarupotentialen för biogasproduktion finns inom lantbruket. Råvarupotentialen av gödsel i Sverige uppgår till 4 – 6 TWh. Inom lantbruket finns dessutom restprodukter från växtodling samt en stor potential i form av energigrödor (ca 7 TWh) som skulle kunna utnyttjas för biogasproduktion. I enbart restprodukter från lantbruket (gödsel och växtrester) har potentiale

This article suggests an extension of the standard decomposition of the concentration index that allows for an exploration of the pathways through which socioeconomic background relates to income-related health inequality. This novel approach is contrasted to the standard one using a panel of Swedish women in Statistics Sweden’s Survey of Living Conditions for one vital health-related behavior, sm

Advanced radio system designs have been proposed that are intended to overcome or even take advantage of the radio channel caused by multipath effects in urban environments to achieve even higher performance. We present analytical expressions for the angle-of-arrival power density function (PDF) and general analysis for time of arrival (expressed in terms of distance) respectively, for the channel