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We studied the neural and hormonal regulation of the secretion of pancreatic spasmolytic polypeptide (PSP), a potential growth factor, from isolated perfused porcine pancreas and the pancreatic exocrine secretion of PSP in response to a meal in young conscious pigs. PSP concentrations in the pancreatic juice ranged from 1 to 180 μg/ml. PSP released to the venous effluent amounted to 0.4-7% of the
Hybrid analog-digital beamforming stands out as a key enabler for future communication systems with a massive number of antennas. In this paper, we investigate the hybrid precoder design problem for angle-of-departure (AoD) estimation, where we take into account the practical constraint on the limited resolution of phase shifters. Our goal is to design a radio-frequency (RF) precoder and a base-ba
Gen Z’s interest in ethical consumption, including tourism, is growing in response to pressing global challenges. However, there is limited research on the constraints tied to the ethical travel decisions of this young cohort of travelers. This qualitative study, grounded in the theory of constraints and ethical consumerism literature, addresses this gap. The findings reveal multi-layered and inte
Background: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are a leading cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. If women at high risk for developing complications could be identified early, level of care could be triaged, limited resources could be correctly allocated and targeted interventions to prevent complications could be implemented. Methods: We updated a systematic review and meta-a
Background and Objectives Structural brain MRI and blood-based phosphorylated tau (p-tau) measures are among the least invasive and least expensive Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers to date. The extent to which these biomarkersmay outperformone another in predicting future Alzheimer dementia diagnosis is poorly understood, however. This study investigated 2 specific AD biomarkers, i.e., a cortic
Vapor–solid–solid (VSS) growth of III-V semiconductor nanowires (NWs) has long been considered an alternative for the vapor–liquid–solid (VLS) growth mode, with the potential to avoid the incorporation of deep-level impurities into semiconductors and to form compositionally abrupt interfaces. Most research however indicates that VSS growth has a much lower growth rate than observed in the VLS grow
In the rapidly advancing domain of autonomous vehicle technology, the management of intersection traffic emerges as a demanding challenge. This paper describes the development and implementation of a novel testbed designed for the investigation of an autonomous intersection management system (AIMS). The research primarily focuses on the complex coordination required among autonomous vehicles for e
This report presents an overview of a set of data collection methods that can be used for the study of wildfire evacuation during community drills. A demonstration of a set of suitable data collection methods is performed during an evacuation drill conducted at Roxborough Park, Colorado (USA) in June 2024. Data collection methods reviewed and adopted included both quantitative and qualitative meth
Background: Circulating dietary biomarkers are not direct proxies for intake, as the biomarkers reflect not only food and supplement consumption but also nutrient absorption, metabolism, and tissue distribution. Therefore, along with nutrient intake, several other upstream factors can impact dietary biomarker concentrations, including demographic, medical history, and genetic factors. Objectives:
This chapter lays the theoretical foundations of long-run economic growth. After providing an overview of the three fundamental regimes that have characterized the process of development over the course of human history on the basis of the seminal work of Galor and Weil (Am Econ Rev 90:806-828, 2000), we review existing theories offering explanations of the different stages of development. In part
Frequent updates in IoT software are crucial for fixing security vulnerabilities, correcting bugs, and adding new features. However, for systems comprising geographically distributed devices, implementing updates is challenging. Such updates must be coordinated across multiple devices, automated without end-user involvement, adaptable to weak connectivity, and minimally disruptive to end users. In
Stratification of cancer into biologically and molecularly similar subgroups is a cornerstone of precision medicine. The Lund Taxonomy classification system for urothelial carcinoma aims to be applicable across the whole disease spectrum including both non–muscle-invasive and invasive bladder cancer. A successful classification system is one that can be robustly and reproducibly applied to new sam
Early metastatic spread and clonal expansion of individual mutations result in a heterogeneous tumour landscape in metastatic urothelial cancer (mUC). Substantial molecular heterogeneity of common drug targets, such as membranous NECTIN4, FGFR3 mutations, PDL1 or immune phenotypes, has been documented between primary and metastatic tumours. However, translational and clinical studies frequently do
Against the backdrop of tension between China and the United States, both South Korea and Europe are keen to find ways to diversify their R&D partners.
The early evolution of sex chromosomes has remained obscure for more than a century. The Vandiemenella viatica species group of morabine grasshoppers is highly suited for studying the early stages of sex chromosome divergence and degeneration of the Y chromosome. This stems from the fact that neo-XY sex chromosomes have independently evolved multiple times by X-autosome fusions with different auto
Alzheimer’s disease can be treated by targeting amyloid-β plaques and diagnosed in vivo by biomarkers, prompting the revision of criteria for the diagnosis and staging of this disease.
Using a case-controlled study including siblings of major depression (MD) and control probands, born 1970–1990 and followed through 2018, we sought to clarify the degree to which the familial liability to MD is reflected in its clinical features, and the pattern of psychiatric disorders at elevated risk in the siblings of MD probands. The study population included full-siblings of 197,309 MD and m
Opportunistic mobile predators can adapt their behaviour to specific foraging scenarios, allowing them to target diverse prey resources. An interesting example is the harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena), a marine mammal with a huge energy demand feeding on a large variety of fish, squid and shrimps. Little is known about the foraging behaviour of harbour porpoises, as observations of wild specime
