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We develop methods for estimation, inference and optimization of causal effects from observational data with continuous treatments. We present a counterfactual prediction method based on the potential outcomes framework that estimates the expected value of a potential outcome given a treatment level and confounders. We show that the method identifies the average generalized treatment effect (AGTE)

När jag under min utbildning varit ute på praktik och vikarierat har jag flera gånger stött på begreppet konstnärligt uttryck. Jag har alltid tyckt det var svårt att förstå exakt vad ett konstnärligt uttryck innebär. Därför föddes idén till denna studie om att prata med verksamma sånglärare inom gymnasieskolan och ta reda på mer om hur de jobbar med det konstnärliga uttrycket. Syftet med denna stuWhen I have done internships and worked as a substitute during my education I have come across the term artistic expression several times. I have always had a hard time understanding exactly what an artistic expression means. That is where I got the idea to talk with active singing teachers in upper secondary school to find out more about how they work with the artistic expression. The purpose wit

The riparian countries of Lake Chad River Basin – Nigeria, Niger, Cameroon and Chad – suffer from environmental degradation as the lakes surface water has decreased with 90 percent since the 1960’s. This has put pressure on the population around the lake as the livelihood for many of them is dependent of the lake’s water. The area has during the last decade also been characterized by increased vio

A decade has almost passed since former dictator Muammar al-Gaddafi was toppled after an 8-month long civil war in Libya and the outlook of democratization looked bright for the Northern African state. This process turned out to be more than complicated and eventually led the country back to violent hostilities. In this study the parliamentary election of 2012 is studied to see if the sequencing o

This study is an evaluation of the peacebuilding missions in Afghanistan, made by the United Nations, in relation to policies of sustainable development. The theoretical framework is borrowed from Peace Ecology, suggesting a foundation for peacebuilding where mankind is reintegrated into nature. It further stresses a need for the return of the commons and a development of local and community-based

In this thesis, the power dynamics underpinning the relationship between USAIDfunded humanitarian organizations and U.S governmental agencies – in relation to the Global War on Terror (GWoT) - are critically investigated. To this end, a Foucauldian lens of ’disciplinary power’ is utilized to uncover U.S governmental agencies’ employment of disciplinary practices categorized as surveillance, correc

This study aims to understand president Duterte’s ’war on drugs’ through human security theory. In order to achieve an analytical framework for human security, two of its subcategories have been used as a theoretical entrance: personal and political security. The study consists of a single case study with an understanding approach to the phenomenon of the Philippine drug war through human security

Youth present either a risk or a great opportunity for change. Traditionally youth have been perceived in binary terms of either as victim of wars or as threats to peace and security. The UNSCR 2250 on Youth, Peace and Security presents a shift in the perception of young people, now regarding them as agents of peace and security. This thesis will shed light on young Palestinians through a case stu

This study investigates the morality of securitization. More specifically, it examines the possibility of a just securitization. Using Just Securitization Theory, developed by Rita Floyd, it analyzes the morality of a case of securitization. The selected case for testing Just Securitization Theory is the U.S securitization of bioterrorism after the incidents of 9/11 and the anthrax attacks in the

Continuous Delivery (CD) has today become an essential part of software development for a reliable and automated quality assurance process. However, the challenge of introducing CD starts with setting up a CD pipeline and providing the necessary infrastructure for it, which may take a considerable amount of time and require expertise knowledge. This complex and costly implementation will also requ

This thesis investigates the use of artificial neural networks for classifying Raman spectra of partially degraded cellulose samples by fungal species. A multilayer perceptron configuration of 4 hidden layers and 128 hidden nodes was able to classify a set of 60 samples with an overall prediction accuracy of 0.55. Results show that data resolution is an important factor when optimizing classifier

An ongoing trend the last couple of years has been the intense reporting of an increased amount of deliberate vehicle fires in Sweden. As the overall assumption in society is that the number of deliberate vehicle fires is steadily increasing, a statistic model trying to investigate this was made. In 1998, the share of deliberate car fires were estimated to 12%, the same number in 2015 was 38%, ind

Ny antibiotikakandidat upptäckt i levern hos djuphavsfisken Havsmus Två tidigare okända ämnen med antibiotisk aktivitet har renats fram ur havsmusens lever. I havsmusens lever och giftblåsa har också ämnen med toxiska aktiviteter hittas. Dessa substanser kan vara av intresse för framtagning av smärtstillande och bakteriedödande läkemedel. Penicillinet upptäcktes för 100 år sedan av Alexander FleThe liver oil from C. monstrosa (rat fish) has traditionally been used as a natural remedy in the area around Skagerrak, since it is believed to have a wound healing and analgesic effects. On its back the rat fish carries a vigorous venom spine connected to glandular cells, which secrets toxins. A previous study shows that extract from the liver and venom glands had a cytotoxic activity on A. naup

Today's blockchain applications have been inherently created by and for users who understand the blockchain technology. To improve mass adoption of blockchain solutions, the user experience must improve, and the attention must move to users not familiar with the underlying technology. This dissertation starts with reviewing the main concepts of blockchain technology and examining the UX of dif

I mitt yrkesliv har jag varit verksam i ett antal olika organisationer inom samma bransch, både som anställd och på mellanchefsnivå. Det har fått mig att fundera på dels hur företag som till synes är ganska lika med samma verksamhet och målsättning ändå kan vara så olika? I denna uppsats tar jag utgångspunkt i hur det är att vara mellanchef. Att vara mellanchef innebär att vara den person som befi

Motivation and identity have been vastly investigated within second language acquisition (SLA). These issues are restrained by their complex and dynamic natures, which indicate that they are far from easy to research. The purpose of this essay was to continue traditional areas of research in order to add to empirical knowledge. The attempt was to show that systematic research is necessary in order

Det här examensarbetet har till avsikt att fördjupa och aktualisera kunskapen om vilka skolvägsutredningsmetoder som är bäst lämpade för att klarlägga en förbättrad trafikmiljö för barn. Arbetet består av två huvuddelar: den ena är en litteraturstudie som granskar tidigare kunskap inom området kring skolvägsutredningar och den andra delen består av skolvägsutredning via en digital respektive tradiThe aim of this master thesis is to study differences and similarities between two methods of investigation regarding children’s travel to school; a digital survey and a paper-based survey. This study subsequently collects information from children via these surveys regarding their travel habits, the reason for their modes of transport and how they perceive different factors in the transport envir