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We suggest a physical picture of the catalytic act combining together the energy transfer and the synchronisation of the best electron density in the reactant and active site as a consecutive sequence of events. Activity and selectivity at molecular level are defined. Geometry requirements seem to be linked to energy and time requirements. Our proposal for developing new catalysts at the molecular

it can let the committee members vote on each sub-question and then use the outcomes as premises for its conclusion on the main issue (premise based-procedure, pbp), or it can let the members directly vote on the conclusion (conclusion-based procedure, cbp). The procedures can lead to different results, but which of them is a better truth-tracker? On the basis of Condorcet's jury theorem, we show

Purpose - Aims to present general concepts and framework for increasing the flexibility in robotic arc welding with respect to use of sensors and small series production. Design/methodology/approach - Presents a conceptual model with a framework that integrates existing tools and needed developments and research to increase the usefulness of sensors in robotic arc welding. The conceptual model is

The hyperfine structures of Be-7,9(-) 2s2p(2) P-4(1/2,3/2,5/2) are investigated theoretically using the multiconfiguration Hartree-Fock and configuration interaction methods. The effects of the hyperfine mixing between the fine-structure J-levels are discussed. The feasibility of some atomic spectroscopy experiments, allowing determination of the Be-7 quadrupole moment from the observed hyperfine

A major issue in the care of terminally ill patients is communication and information provision. This paper reports the extent to which physicians in Australia, Belgium, Denmark, Italy, the Netherlands, Sweden and Switzerland discuss topics relevant to end of life care with terminally ill patients and their relatives (without first informing the patient), and possible associations between physicia

OBJECTIVE—To examine the effects of dipeptidyl peptidase-IV (DPP-4) inhibition on meal-related β-cell function and insulin sensitivity over 52 weeks in type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS—In a 12-week core study, placebo (n = 51) or vildagliptin (n = 56; 50 mg OD) was added to metformin treatment (1.5–3.0 mg/day). A 40-week extension followed in 71 patients. Meal tests were performed at

We report on the first time-resolved small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) study of the structural relaxation from a shear-induced aligned state back to the isotropic state in a system of giant wormlike reverse micelles. The micelles are formed by lecithin and small amounts of water in cyclohexane. A liquid sample with the micellar volume fraction phi = 0.3 was exposed to a steady shear of (gamma)

Stimulation of endogenous kinin receptors promotes growth of androgen-independent prostate cancer PC3 cells via activation of the mitogenic extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. In the present study, we show that kinin-mediated mitogenic signalling and prostate-cell growth involves two subtypes of bradykinin (BK) receptors, B1R and B2R. Specific stimulation of either B1R or B2R by t

As most adults will marry at least once during their lifetime, studying marital quality and its predictors is of great importance. The current study addresses (a) the extent of agreement between husbands and wives on their marital quality, (b) genetic and environmental sources of individual differences on spouse reports of marital quality, and (c) the extent to which genetic and environmental infl

Two new alpha-pyrone derivatives, xylarone (1) and 8,9-dehydroxylarone (2) possessing cytotoxic activities, were isolated from the culture fluid of submerged cultures of the ascomycete Xylaria hypoxylon, strain A27-94. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods.

I present the status of the T(HE)PEG project for creating a common platform for implementing C++ event generators. I also describe briefly the status of the new versions of P-YTHIA, (HERWIG) and A(RIADNE) which are implemented using this framework. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling behandlar metoder för att modellera risk på de finansiella marknaderna. Avhandlingen består av fyra separata uppsatser och inleds med en introduktion i kapitel ett, medan kapitel två till kapitel 5 består av de fyra uppsatserna. Den första uppsatsen undersöker implikationerna av att använda olika riskmått inom portföljval. Speciellt undersöks tre olikaThis thesis deals with techniques to model risk in financial markets and consists of four separate essays. The thesis begins with an introduction in chapter one, while chapter two to chapter five contains the four essays. The first essay examines the implication of using various risk measures for portfolio selection. Specifically, three risk measures are examined: variance, Value at Risk (VaR) an

Objectives To determine which endometrial morphology characteristics as assessed by gray-scale ultrasound and which endometrial vessel characteristics as assessed by power Doppler ultrasound are useful for discriminating between benign and malignant endometrium in women with postmenopausal bleeding (PMB) and sonographic endometrial thickness > 4.5 mm and to develop logistic regression models to ca

Objective: To evaluate aspects of internal scale validity and reliability of the Swedish version of the Impact on Participation and Autonomy questionnaire (IPA-S) for use in people with spinal cord injury. Subjects: A total of 161 persons with spinal cord injury. Method. IPA-S psychometric properties were evaluated using Rasch rating scale analysis. Results: The results show that the IPA-S has 27