This thesis studies the effect on private consumption and its components by durability, following an exogenous shock to government spending, in Denmark and Sweden. In order to compare the outcomes when being at the zero lower bound (ZLB) or not, the quarterly data ranging from 1995 to 2020, is split into two sub-samples. The impulse response functions, generated by a Bayesian structural VAR (BSVAR

Rural Germany is massively dependent on fossil fuel driven cars. But in many villages, socio-technical innovations have emerged to tackle this dependency. Electric carsharing, often organised in grassroots-settings, is one of them. For such innovations to spread and grow, different projects from across the country need intermediariesto connect them in networks, or share ideas, and experiences. Thi

Preliminary firm level evidence suggests that macroprudential policies reduce firm credit growth and MSME investment, and could therefore have a negative impact on economic growth. However, the question remains if macroprudential policies affect R\&D investments as well. Although R&D is primarily financed internally, the literature also suggests that debt financing may be used to some degr

In this thesis, we investigate many–body systems using simulations of quan- tum computers. Quantum computing is a computational paradigm based on qubits which are defined in a Hilbert space instead of the familiar binary bits. This architecture implies that quantum computers are especially suited to simulate quantum systems that are otherwise difficult to compute. In this work, the excitation and

Nanoparticles used as drug delivery vehicles for small and large active drug molecules is a highly sought-after area of research. Nanoparticles made using recombinant proteins prove to be more beneficial as they are biocompatible and biodegradable, however only a few proteins can be considered as their availability and stability are not known. One such protein that has the potential to form nanopa

The regularization of forcibly displaced migrants is promoted by NGOs and intergovernmental organizations as a good practice in migration policy. Regularization of forcibly displaced migrants increases their protection, facilitates their access to necessary services, increases their resiliency, and provides access to the formal labor market. Furthermore, providing forced migrants the right to work

The number of diplomatic actors that use social media platforms to communicate with the publics has increased in the past years. Yet, these communicative approaches are still poorly researched. Moreover, the few studies from diplomacy and the ones from communication that explore two-way communication on social media present contradictions. If scholars from diplomacy present dialogue as a taken for

Bakgrund: Ensamhet och social isolering är ett ökande folkhälsoproblem som många arbetsterapeuter möter i sin yrkesutövning. Det finns arbetsterapeutiska interventioner som stödjer social delaktighet för att motverka ensamhet och isolering bland äldre. En aktuell sammanställning av kunskapsläget som belyser vad den nyaste forskningen visar att arbetsterapeutiska interventioner kan bidra med för atBackground: Loneliness and social isolation is an increasing public health problem that many occupational therapists meet within their clinical practice. There are occupational therapy interventions supporting social participation to counteract loneliness and isolation amongst older adults. However, an overview of the latest research findings of occupational therapy interventions’ contributions fo

This research aimed to explore the sense of touch within the discipline of architecture. While haptic stimulation has been studied within architectural theory, the sense of touch remains underrepresented within the practical side of the discipline. To increase the accessibility of the knowledge necessary for representation within architectural practice, there was a need for further study. This has

When coworkers express what they are genuinely thinking, it can have positive implications for an organization, but they do not always feel encouraged to do so. As internal social media (ISM) is an emerging platform within organizations, it can offer coworkers a space where they can express their voice. The purpose of this research is therefore to explore how coworkers communicate on internal soci

This is a material experiment on the reaction between the wax liquid and water. I first saw the reaction between wax liquid and water by coincidence, then I decided to dig it so I took it as my master thesis. In this thesis, a rigorous and scientific research process was used in my perceptual material experiment. I documented every detail so that I could rationally summarize an analyze it. The g

Turbo systems have long been implemented into vehicles to increase the specific power. Increasing the pressure for conventional vehicles decreases the mass of the engine and increases the efficiency. Conventional vehicles do however produce carbon dioxide emissions which have become an increasing issue that needs a solution. One possible solution is the fuel cell utilizing hydrogen as fuel. This r

Dagens signalregelverk ställer krav på en minsta längd för reserverat spåravsnitt bortom slutpunkt för rörelseväg till ett annat fordon i rörelse. Detta kallas för skyddsavstånd och krav som ställs på dess längd gör det möjligt att tillåta samtidiga rörelser på en driftplats vilken har positivt påverkan på kapaciteten. Skyddsavstånd kan i vissa fall anses vara för restriktiv och kapacitetssänThe current signalling regulations require a minimum length of reserved track beyond the end point of the train’s path to another moving vehicle. This is known as safety overlap and the requirement for its length allows simultaneous train movements to be permitted at the station which has a positive impact on capacity. Length requirements may in some cases be considered too restrictive and ca

Skolan är en viktig arena i unga transpersoners liv där de spenderar en stor del av sin tid. Tidigare forskning visar dock att det ofta saknas faktorer för en trygg och transinkluderande skola. Skolor i Sverige har ett tydligt uttalat ansvar att hantera detta problem, vilket är där fokus kommer vara i denna studie. Syftet är att undersöka hur grund- och gymnasieskolan lyckas och misslyckas i att b

Participation, at its most basic level, refers to individuals taking part in choices that affect their lives. Through participation people can have a chance to observe and identify their opportunities and strategies for action and build solidarity to effect change. In relation to that, the study of participatory design is a research field that has been actively discussed for many years, which incl

In recent years the trend of personalization in political communication has gained more attention from academic scholars. The phenomenon of personalization of politics means that political leaders gain more focus at the expense of political parties. As personalization can negatively affect parliamentary democracies, therefore the field needs additional research. The main focus of research in relat

Ett nytt lovande alternativ för antibiotika Hudsår är alltid med risk för bakteriell angrepp. När en infektion uppstår står immunförsvaret inför en stor utmaning, då inte sällan motståndaren övervinner flera strider. En av kroppens strategier för kampen med patogener är inflammation. Den i sin tur när blir okontrollerad, kan leda till överdriven reaktion i hela kroppen. Sådant scenario kan leda

Detektion av cellulära nivåer av c-di-GMP via biosensorer Bis-(3′,5′)-cyclisk di-guanosin-monofosfat (c-di-GMP) är en viktig molekyl som är involverad inom signalering för många olika biologiska processer hos bakterier, till exempel, reglering av cell cykeln och biofilm produktion. För att detektera cellulära nivåer av c-di-GMP, för att undersöka molekylens påverkan, har man skapat en biosensor,

Tiny brains make sophisticated navigational decisions Did you know that your brain is made up of 100 billion neurons? That´s as many as there are stars in the Milky Way. This makes the human brain, without a doubt, the most complex system on earth. Above all the brain controls behavior. But how can we even begin to understand these hundreds of trillions of interconnections that lead us to a sp

Prevalens av värd för malariaparasit hos fåglar i de svenska fjällen Fågelmalaria orsakas av protozoer, en parasit som tillhör släkterna Haemoproteus, Plasmodium samt Leucozytozoon. Dessa parasiter har utvecklats tillsammans med fåglar i miljontals år och skapat olika varianter. Forskare har estimerat att det finns lika många malariavarianter som det finns fågelarter runt om i världen. Med en st