Avbildning med hjälp av magnetresonans (MR) är en teknik som används i klinisk diagnostik för att upptäcka och karakterisera en rad sjukdomstillstånd. Metoden baseras på en kombination av statiskt magnetfält, magnetfältsgradienter och pulsade radiofrekventa elektromagnetiska fält i en magnetkamera för avbildning av form och struktur (morfologi) samt vissa funktioner hos olika organ i kroppen.DiffuMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a powerful medical imaging technique, used to detect and characterise a range of diseases and conditions. It is based on the use of a strong static magnetic field in combination with magnetic field gradients and pulsed radiofrequency electromagnetic fields to visualise various organs and structures in the body according to their morphology or function.Diffusion

Isosorbide is a stiff bicyclic diol derived from glycose-based polysaccharides, and is thus an attractive building block for novel rigid bioplastics. In the present work a highly regioselective biocatalytic approach for the synthesis of isosorbide 5-methacrylate was developed. The Lipozyme RM IM (Rhizomucor miehei lipase) catalyzed process is straightforward, easily scalable and chromatography-fre

Public procurement for innovation (PPI) is a powerful, underutilized demand-side innovation policy instrument. How this instrument can contribute to meeting societal challenges, which require goaloriented transformation of socio-technical systems, remains unclear and is explored in this article. This article draws on the transitions and PPI literature to propose transformative processes to which P

The estimation of dynamic panel data models with interactive effects and moving average errors is considered. This is accomplished by making an extension to the factor analytical (FA) estimator which was originally designed for dynamic panels with fixed effects only and serially uncorrelated errors. The results show that the additional allowances have no effect on the asymptotic properties of the

This paper discusses numerical and experimental studies of biomass micro scale particles motion in turbulent flows. The biomass micro size particles are extremely anisotropic and typically of irregular shape with sizes varying between 200–6000 μm in length and 125–1400 μm in diameter. Four different types of biomass micro size particles from different sources are applied. Ten different numerical m

The purpose of the paper is to present empirical evidence on how to develop climate-resilient business enterprises under the auspices of an industrial park management. This was facilitated through the collective mapping of climate adaptation strategies corresponding to the identified business risks exacerbated by climate events directly experienced in the shared territory. The cluster approach att

Selective Laser Melting (SLM) – as one of a number of additive manufacturing techniques – is a promising method for the manufacturing of complex structures and may bring about significant improvements in the context of custom-made designs and lightweight constructions. However, the complex multiphysical processes occurring during SLM necessitates the establishment of appropriate constitutive and p

The literature on the geography of innovation suffers from a lack of attention to temporal aspects of proximity in innovation processes. Consequently, an emerging literature on knowledge-creation processes has appeared to address this shortcoming. This paper adopts this perspective and develops an integrated framework for understanding knowledge creation and proximity dynamics across phases of the

The phenomenon of backscattering in copper cables has been recently observed and initially explicated. It can provide promising techniques to address the problem of loop diagnostic and maintenance. The backscattering is analyzed both in frequency and time domains. To demonstrate the practical use of the phenomenon, we estimate certain properties of the loop using wideband, high-frequency $\seleven

Climate change and associated ocean acidification present varied and complex threats to Antarctic fisheries, making conservation and sustainable management of these fisheries more challenging than ever. The ecosystem approach is generally considered to be the most effective way of enhancing the climate resilience of fisheries, and the Commission on the Conservation and Management of Antarctic Mari

It is increasingly common for academic work to be described as a ‘publication game’. For some, the idea of academic game-playing serves as a convenient metaphor for explaining concrete phenomenon such as professional advancement or instrumental careerism in the context of national research assessments such as the recent Research Excellence Framework (REF) in the UK. However, we suggest that academ

With the dual challenges of reducing emissions from fossil fuels and providing access to clean and affordable energy, there is an imperative for a transition to a low carbon energy system. The transition must take into consideration questions of energy justice to ensure that policies, plans and programmes guarantee fair and equitable access to resources and technologies. An energy justice framewor

The purpose of this chapter is to contribute to the literature on the economics of public policy interventions in relation externalities. The chapter presents some theoretical constructs and evaluates the potential contribution of market-based instruments, either by avoiding negative externalities or boosting positive ones. The author takes the topical issue of 'Markets for Energy Efficiency' as t

During the transition to a market economy, many countries with a planned economy in Central and Eastern Europe face similar challenges when the established socio-economic systems and infrastructures deemed inefficient in a market economy. Also new issues are being raised by the trends of globalization and the vision of sustainable development. In the energy sector the challenges raised by the Kyot

Patients with advanced cancer and family caregivers in palliative care face physical, psychological, social and existential challenges, much of the time home alone. Specialist palliative home care team services can be instrumental for sense of security in an uncertain situation. The aim of this study was to describe patients’ and family caregivers’ experiences of specialist palliative home care te

Background: Investigating disease mechanisms and treatment responses in obstructive airway diseases with invasive sampling are hampered by the small size and mechanical artefacts that conventional forceps biopsies suffer from. Endoscopic cryobiopsies are larger and more intact and are being increasingly used. However, the technique has not yet been explored for obtaining mucosa biopsies. Objective

Lipofibromatosis is a rare pediatric soft tissue tumor with predilection for the hands and feet. Previously considered to represent “infantile fibromatosis”, lipofibromatosis has distinctive morphological features, with mature adipose tissue, short fascicles of bland fibroblastic cells, and lipoblast-like cells. Very little is known about the genetic underpinnings of lipofibromatosis. Prompted by

Background/Objectives: High-fat diet consumption is known to trigger an inflammatory response in the hypothalamus, which has been characterized by an initial expression of pro-inflammatory genes followed by hypothalamic astrocytosis, microgliosis, and the appearance of neuronal injury markers. The specific effects of high-fat diet on hypothalamic energy metabolism and neurotransmission are however

Air-to-air refueling is a vital technique for extending the range and endurance of manned or unmanned aircraft, with over 1000 refueling procedures flown per day in military operations. The hardware used for air-to-air refueling needs to be tailored to the specific aircraft and airspeeds involved, performing markedly different for permutations of tanker and receiver craft. Extensive flight testing