A dynamical model for traffic networks is proposed and analyzed. In the traffic network, the transportation demands are considered as multi-commodity flows where each commodity has a unique destination. The network is modeled by a multigraph where at each node each commodity splits among the outgoing links in a way such that the drivers are more likely to avoid a road when the density on it increa

Sociala medier definieras av kommunikation mellan flera parter som också de kommunicerar sinsemellan och att användarna själva genererar innehållet. Facebook, Twitter och Youtube är några av de sociala medier som idag är populära bland användare i Sverige, i Kina är Renren, Sina Weibo och Youku sidor som fått stort genomslag. Mikrobloggar och andra sociala medier i Kina censureras och hålls under

This thesis examines the nature of the capitalist mode of production and begins with the contention that it necessarily produces unjust outcomes do to its economic mandates and corresponding organization of social relationships. More specifically, this thesis will investigate the processes through which the capitalistic mode of production reproduces itself. An understanding of these processes allo

Since national independence many NGOs active in the domain of gender have been established in Kyrgyzstan. Recently, this part of the NGO sector has seen the emergence of alternative organizations, voicing new issues and perspectives. In this thesis, I take a closer look at these new actors: how they differ from the older generation and also in relation to each other. I am especially interested in

This thesis, aiming to contribute to a better understanding of why Croats in Bosnia and Herzegovina fear a Bosniak-dominated state, is a response to development efforts of the international community to democratize Bosnian-Herzegovinian society, generate a shared sense of nationhood among all citizens and speed up its path towards Euro-Atlantic integrations. With the use of conceptual framework, t

Over the years poverty and well-being has taken several definitions. Recently, a wide literature unanimously agrees that the multidimensional aspects poverty such as economic, cultural, social and ecological has close linkages to lack of access to modern energy such as electricity or energy poverty. Thus, a focus on electricity for instance would be one possible mechanism of addressing multi-dimen

Syftet med detta arbete är att undersöka efterlevnaden av lagen gällande märkning av importerade färdigförpackade livsmedel hos livsmedelsbutiker i Malmö. 20 butiker studerades. Vid besöken granskades dels märkning av ett antal importerade färdigförpackade livsmedel, och dels utfördes enkätundersökning kring butikens livsmedelsmärkning och märkningsrutiner. Enkätundersökningen besvarades vanligtvThe purpose of this thesis is to examine the compliance of the labeling law of imported prepackaged foods in grocery stores in Malmö. 20 stores were studied. During the visits the labels of a number of imported pre-packaged foods were examined, and there was also a survey conducted about the store's food labels and their labeling rutines. The survey was usually answered by the owner or store

Human rights have become one of the most sensitive issues between EU and China, and it has brought a substantial impact on the bilateral relation. The EU’s persistent criticism on the Chinese human rights situation has not only provoked strong reaction from the Chinese government, but also led to a wide antipathy towards the EU’s external human rights policy among ordinary Chinese people. Adopting

The situation for asylum seekers in the EU varies greatly depending on the country responsible for the individual asylum claim. Even though the EU Commission is working to harmonize the different member states asylum policy, great disparities still exist. Many NGOs have been criticizing the Common European Asylum System (CEAS), defining the Dublin Regulation as the responsible instrument for the m

The theme of this study is the Arab Spring and democratisation. The Arab Spring affected every country in the region very differently. This study aims to explain the variation of the state of democratisation in the different countries, as well as identify the factor(s) behind this variation. Six countries are selected for the analysis; half of them experienced major changes, the other half just mi

NASA is currently working toward the goal of landing humans on Mars. One challenge this mission is faced with is the lack of technology or procedure that could provide the explorers with means to maintain good personal hygiene. In collaboration with NASA engineers and architects the task of this thesis was to design a prototype for a nozzle and a conceptual water heater for a Martian full-body was

This thesis demonstrates the applicability of the concept of liminality in migration and refugee research, particularly on the empirical example of a community of Somali refugee women in an urban outskirt in Kenya. Originally an anthropological concept, “liminality” refers to an in-between period of uncertainty, a transitional phase in which people are equal and a sense of community trumps differe

The thesis aims to examine three points: (1) The scope of rights of defence of companies in competition proceedings under 102; (2) The assessment of economic evidence in 102 TFEU; (3) what protection, if any, companies should be entitled to under the Union system.

Naturliga metanutsläpp sker från våra våtmarker världen över. Metan produceras naturligt genom nedbrytning i de syrefria förhållanden som en våtmark erbjuder. För att bättre kunna modellera och skala upp hur mycker metan som faktiskt släpps ut från dessa våtmarker måste ytterligare förståelse skapas över varför metanutsläppen varierar så kraftigt både i tid och rum. Denna studie försöker öka förstMethane emissions from natural wetlands are an important contributor to methane levels in the atmosphere. These emissions are highly variable in time and space, even within sites. Further understanding of this variation is vital to successfully model the overall methane emissions from wetlands. This study investigates spatial variation through measurements of 22 plots across Fäjemyr bog. Manual me

In Danish political and academic circles a high voter turnout among ethnic minorities is seen as a sign of successful integration. The Vietnamese are considered one of the best integrated ethnic groups in Denmark. However, among the most important minority groups in Denmark, the Vietnamese has the lowest voter turnout of all. The low voter turnout challenges the explanatory capabilities of institu

The idea of energy efficient, healthy buildings has existed since 1970s. However, a one-dimensional approach for many housing issues does not assure sustainability. Therefore, near the end of the 20th century, the built environment became a focus of attention within the environmental movement with wider focus on building certification schemes and sustainability issues such as interrelationships be

This thesis is an interdisciplinary study on the role of National Human Rights Institutions (NHRIs) in the implementation of the primary responsibility of States to prevent mass atrocities (MA) under pillar one of the Responsibility to Protect (R2P). It focuses on current international law (IL) to delimit the scope of the prevention obligations of States and assesses the relevant preventive measur

I höst kommer rymdobservatoriet Gaia att sändas upp. Ett av dess mål är att mätapositionen av stjärnor med väldigt hög noggrannhet, denna positionsbestämning kallas astrometri. Gaias noggrannhet är såpass bra att det kommer bli möjligt att även mäta hur planeter när de färdas i sina banor runt stjärnor påverkar positionen av stjärnan. Astrometri kan inte ge en fullständig bild av hur planeten rörContext: The Gaia satellite will be provide astrometry with micro-arcsecond accuracy. This will allow for the determination of the orbital elements of exoplanets with measurable astrometric signature. Astrometry alone is not be able to disentangle an ambiguity in the orientation of planetary orbits, just as radial velocity is only able to give the mass of orbiting planets combined with multiplicat