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Studiens syfte är att undersöka dels om betald budpremie vid gränsöverskridande förvärv skiljer sig från motsvarande för inhemska förvärv och dels om landspecifik risk påverkat erlagd budpremie under åren 2011 - 2018. Studien följer strukturen för en deduktiv arbetsmetod, i vilken befintliga teorier analyseras för att formulera hypoteser om vald variabels påverkan på budpremien. Vidare har författThe thesis aims to in part examine differences between deal premiums paid in cross-border acquisitions and the equivalent in domestic acquisitions, and country risk ́s effect on deal premiums paid by Nordic acquirers between 2011 – 2018. Existing theories are analysed through the usage of a deductive method in order to create hypotheses for country risk ́s influence on the deal premium paid by Nor

This study charts the possibilities of recycled plastic and its use as an alternative building material for low-income housing in Colombia. The building materials in the study have been compared with respect to their physical properties, the cost and how they affect the indoor climate in each building. Colombia is a country that has been subjected to civil war for many years, which has contribute

Kommuner och regioner kan ansöka om stadsmiljöavtal för att få ekonomiskt stöd för projekt som förbättrar framkomligheten för kollektivtrafik, cykel och gång. Projekten strävar efter mer hållbara stadsmiljöer med hänsyn till persontransporter och markanvändning. De första stadsmiljöavtalen beviljades 2015. Vid slutet av 2018 skulle projekten för de fyra första omgångarna vara avslutade. Det har tiThe urban environment agreements (stadsmiljöavtal) are a federal initiative through which Swedish municipalities and regions can apply for funding for projects that improve and innovate solutions for public transport, walking and cycling. These projects promise to plan for a more sustainable urban environment with regards to transportation and land use. The first urban environment agreements began

The aim of this thesis is to look at the attitude among governments and large corporations towards algorithms in general and with a special focus on artificial intelligens. This is done by examining five policy documents produced by three governmental branches and two private companies, all of them from Europe and the US. The assumption is that policy is one of the methods that those in power can

The Swedish construction industry is an example of a trade largely dominated by men. The main purpose of this study is to examine how said male dominance affects companionship among workers by analysing male homosociality and hegemonic masculinity. Based on six separate interviews with both male and female construction workers, this study explores the attributes that constitute an ideal constructi

A nocturnal jet is a low level air jet that is often seen at an altitude below 500 m during night time conditions. It can reach wind speeds of storm force and is thus of importance for aviation and also for transport of e.g. moisture and pollutants in the lower troposphere. By comparing wind speed measurements at 150 m at Hyltemossa research station (measured by ICOS Sweden) to the logarithmic win

With the ever increasing demand for higher data rates and reliability, efficient management of cellular networks remains a challenge. Among other technologies, fifth generation systems are expected to tackle this challenge using large electronically controllable antenna arrays operating in the time division duplex mode. In such systems, spatial beamforming is implemented with accurate channel esti

Bitumen och dess egenskaper har länge ansetts vara den viktigaste faktorn för en asfalts funktion. Egenskaperna som finns är hos bitumen är relativt enkla att kontrollera. Eftersom egenskaperna är relativt lätta att kontrollera och mycket kunskap redan finns om bitumen har dess egenskaper ansetts vara det som är avgörande gällande hur en asfaltbeläggning kommer att agera då den brukas. MätmetodernBitumen and its properties have long been considered the most important factor in the function of asphalt. The attributes that are present in bitumen are relatively easy to control. Since the attributes are relatively easy to control and a lot of knowledge already exists of bitumen its attributes are considered to be the decisive factor in how an asphalt coating will act when it is being used. The

Since the 1950s the Ngorongoro Conservation Area (NCA) has experienced several changes in land use policy. In the early 1990s the NCA’s policy was changed for the last time and the area became considered an experimental multiple land use system. This has resulted in conflict between the government and conservationist groups, who argued that allowing people to reside within the protected area will

Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to describe sustainability reporting practices in Brazilian corporations listed on B3. Methodology: The investigation for thesis was based on a content analysis. Sustainability information was defined according to the GRI standards provided by the Global Reporting Initiative and measured through the number of pages, words, tables, figures and diagrams. Theore

Digital media and social media are by now established platforms for daily online social interaction, expression and debate, also in the political field. They offer users a space to voice and exchange opinions, as well as a tool to organise political acts of protest or support around offline world events. And they are changing the game of politics in remarkable ways. Political institutions such as

In many cities around the world, the financial crisis 2007 served as an opportunity both for grassroots movements and governments to rethink existing models of urban development. Some authors have pointed out that the crisis served to elevate discourses for progressive post-neoliberal urban transformations. Other, more sceptical accounts have pointed at the shift towards participative, networked g

Smart komprimeringsteknik för ljudinspelningar Omfattande forskning inom videokomprimering har lett till en märklig balans där ljudspåret ibland tar större plats än videospåret i övervakningsinspelningar. För att jämna ut detta behövs smarta tekniker även för ljudkomprimering. Det här arbetet presenterar ett förslag för att minska ljuddatan med mer än 50 %. Det är vanligt att majoriteten av mateThree different classification solutions for distinguishing events from non-events in surveillance audio are described and evaluated. The three compared methods are energy functions, Gaussian mixture modelling algorithms (GMM) and existing voice activity detectors (VAD). Recorded test signals with corresponding manually labelled ground truth files are used to determine the accuracies of the method

In this thesis we propose a new form of Variational Autoencoder called the Conditional Latent Space Variational Autoencoder or CL-VAE. By conditioning on a known label in a dataset we can decide what points are being mapped to what prior distribution. This makes the latent space more understandable and separates the classes further. It also subverts the tug-of-war effect between reconstruction los

Polylaktid (PLA)- en plast som har dålig nedbrytningsförmåga och borde kallas något annat Plasten polylaktid, PLA, marknadsförs som bionedbrytbart, någonting som faktiskt inte verkar stämma enligt olika studier. Plasten bryts inte alls ner under samtliga förhållanden i naturen utan kräver speciella anläggningar för fullständig nedbrytning. Inte heller tycks PLA uppfylla den europeiska standarden fThis paper aims to look at the positive and negative aspects of the biodegradable material poly(lactic) acid (PLA) compared to controversial plastics. This is done through a literature study. PLA is a biobased and biodegradable plastic that are used in for example medicine and packaging materials around the world. The results from this study show that the biodegradation of the material is not that

Balanseringsprincipen är en metod av ekologisk kompensation som används i Helsingborg och går ut på att kompensera förlorade naturvärden (t.ex. träd, buskar) och sociala värden (t.ex. lekplats, sport) vid stadsutbyggnad. Den här studiens resultat tyder på att metoden som tillämpas idag är otillräcklig och pekar på ett flertal förbättringsområden. Framför allt krävs det ett tydligt mål med metoden In the context of continuous biodiversity loss connected to land-use changes and urban development, different methods such as biodiversity offsetting with the underlying aim of achieving “No Net Loss” (NNL) of biodiversity has been proposed. Compensation according to the mitigation hierarchy is one type of biodiversity offsetting which currently is being used in the municipality of Helsingborg, Sw

Detta examensarbete ämnar att undersöka om och hur man skulle bygga en modell för att kunna beräkna utsläppen av växthusgaser vid förändringar av transmissionskapacitet. Arbetet avhandlar hur det nuvarande elsystemet är uppbyggt och påverkan på utsläppen av växthusgaser ifrån ökad produktion av förnyelsebar elproduktion och ökad transmission av elektricitet. Utifrån att studera vind- och lastdataIn the light of the importance of climate change and the emissions that have induced it, the ability to calculate the effect on emissions by changing transmission capacity is vital. A model to perform such indicative calculations is developed in this thesis. After researching how the current electricity system is organised, the effects on GHG emissions that are expected from increased renewable el

Årligen i Sverige, förlorar stora mängder material stora delar av sitt ekonomiska värde på grund av ineffektiv materialåtervinning. I den vanliga linjära ekonomin är materialåtervinning inte prioriterat medan i den cirkulära ekonomin är återvinning en viktig del. PolyPlank har med sitt eget polyplankmaterial byggt upp sin verksamhet baserat på den cirkulära ekonomins principer. PolyplankmaterialetYearly in Sweden, large quantities of material lose much of their monetary value due to poor material recycling efficiency. In the common linear economy, material recycling is not prioritized, however within a circular economy recycling is a vital part. PolyPlank has with their own polyplank material built their company based on the principles of the circular economy. Their polyplank material is a

The aim of this study is to understand how the emotional aspect of employee identification evolves through daily interaction in multicultural organizations. Applying a process model of individual identification, this research aims to offer an employee perspective, to uncover the communication challenges employees face and how they make sense of the interaction at work relating to the feeling of be

Bakterier är något som finns överallt. En del goda, som gynnar vår tarmflora, medan en del är onda och kan ge oss infektioner och matförgiftningar vid fel hantering. Just för RTE-sallader (ready-to-eat) är det extra viktigt att rutiner följs eftersom de inte värmebehandlas. Faktorerna som påverkar bakteriernas tillväxt är tillgång till näring, vatten, pH, temperatur, salt, socker och syre. Detta a