Levels of messenger RNA for nerve growth factor, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, neurotrophin-3, and the tyrosine kinase receptors trkA, trkB and trkC have been studied using in situ hybridization in the rat brain 2 h and four weeks after kindling-induced seizures. Epileptiform activity evoked by hippocampal stimulation and exceeding 70 s lead to a concomitant and transient increase of brain- d

Summary: The longitudinal growth rates of the distal fibula were measured, using a roentgen stereophotogrammetric method, in 32 children treated for slipped capital femoral epiphysis and compared with growth rates in a series of normal children. The growth rates in patients were similar to the growth rates in normal children, in both boys and girls. However, at the time of slippage, 13 patients ha

A male, his son, and grandson all had a slipped capital femoral epiphysis (physiolysis colli femoris - PCF). the importance of inheritance in PCF is discussed.

In 25 cases with 29 slipped capital femoral epiphyses, treated with bilateral pinning, tetracycline was administrated preoperatively. Biopsies from the femoral head and the trochanteric region were analyzed by fluorescence microscopy. All had normal tetracycline labeling except the only patient with an acute severe slip.

Five hundred thirty-two cases of slipped capital femoral epiphysis (physiolysis colli femoris - PCF) treated at three orthopedic departments in southern Sweden between 1910 and 1982 were used for epidemiologic studies. Three hundred twenty-five cases came from a well-defined area and were used for incidence analyses. During the whole period of investigation, the disease was more common in men than

Viral infections predispose to the development of childhood asthma, a disease associated with increased lung mast cells (MCs). This study investigated whether viral lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) can already evoke a MC response during childhood. Lung tissue from young children who died following LRTIs were processed for immunohistochemical identification of MCs. Children who died from

A monoclonal antibody to the low-affinity NGF receptor, 192 IgG, coupled to a cytotoxin, saporin, was recently introduced as an efficient selective neurotoxin for the NGFr-bearing cholinergic neurones in the rat basal forebrain. In the present study we report that an intracerebroventricular injection of this 192 IgG-saporin conjugate induces a severe, long-lasting spatial learning impairment, as a

Forty patients were treated by means of total hip arthroplasty after nailing of femoral neck fractures had failed. Their average age was 73 years. Thirty-eight patients were still alive after 2 years and were reviewed. Two hips dislocated, but there was no early mortality. The results regarding pain, walking capacity, and function were good, and total hip replacement is considered to be the salvag

Fourteen children with femoral shaft fractures were studied for 10 years after fracture or until growth plate closure, using repeated anteversion measurements. A mean anteversion difference of 9.6 degrees between the fractured and intact sides after fracture consolidation decreased to 5.6 degrees (p < 0.01), indicating that children have a considerable ability to correct a rotational deformity by

The role of monoamines in the functional regulation of the septo-hippocampal cholinergic system was studied using in vivo microdialysis of acetylcholine (ACh) release in the hippocampus of awake unrestrained rats. Systemic administration of the dopamine receptor agonist apomorphine (2.0 mg/kg) resulted in a 170% increase in hippocampal ACh overflow. Similarly the catecholamine-releasing agent amph

The treatment of oblique subtrochanteric femoral fractures is often difficult. Both fixation with a nail and plate, and intramedullary nailing have several pitfalls. Four cases treated with intramedullary Ender nailing combined with Parham modified bands are presented. The method is technically simple, gives complete reduction, allows early mobilization and gives a good functional result.

Grafted neurons obtained from the fetal basal forebrain can provide a functional cholinergic reinnervation of the hippocampal formation in rats with a lesion of the intrinsic septal cholinergic afferents. In the present experiments graft-derived acetylcholine release in the hippocampus was studied by microdialysis in awake rats during different types of behaviours which are known to activate the i

Purpose: Hip dislocation in cerebral palsy (CP) is a serious complication. By radiographic screening and prophylactic surgery of children at risk most dislocations can be prevented. CPUP, the Swedish CP registry and follow-up program, includes annual radiographic examinations of children at Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels III-V. Data from CPUP were analysed to assess the

The annual European Respiratory Society (ERS) International Congress (held in Paris in 2018) was once again a platform for discussion of the highest-quality scientific research, cutting-edge techniques and innovative new therapies within the respiratory field. This article discusses only some of the high-quality research studies presented at this year's Congress, with a particular focus on airway

Acetylcholine (ACh) release was studied in awake, freely moving animals using in vivo microdialysis in the hippocampus of young (3-month-old) and aged (24-month-old) female Sprague-Dawley rats. Two groups of aged rats were selected on basis of their spatial learning performance in the Morris water maze: non-impaired aged rats which performed as well as the young control animals, and impaired aged

We analyzed the metaphyseal-diaphyseal angle in 13 patients with infantile Blount's disease, who had been followed without treatment during the entire growth period and without any form of realignment procedure in adulthood. On diagnosis at 23 (17-35) months of age, the metaphyseal-diaphyseal angle varied between 7°and 25°. At follow-up, most of the legs were almost straight. We found that the dia

For another year, high-quality research studies from around the world transformed the annual ERS International Congress into a vivid platform to discuss trending research topics, to produce new research questions and to further push the boundaries of respiratory medicine and science. This article reviews only some of the high-quality research studies on asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseas

Grafts of Embryonic Day 14-15 basal forebrain tissue (medial septal/diagonal band nuclei) were transplanted into an aspirative fimbria-fornix cavity or the hippocampus of young adult rats. After extended periods of survival (1 and 2 years) the grafts were examined with immunocytochemical probes to identify specific types of neurons and assess the (spatial) distribution of the phosphorylated heavy

In the present study the microdialysis technique has been used as a tool for the study of functional regulation of intracerebrally grafted cholinergic and monoaminergic neurons as well as for the analysis of graft-host interactions. Fetal noradrenergic, serotonergic, dopaminergic, and cholinergic neurons were transplanted into the hippocampus or striatum previously denervated of their intrinsic mo

Previous studies in the rat have shown that a serotonergic depletion greatly potentiates the learning and memory impairments produced by pharmacological or lesion-induced cholinergic blockade in the forebrain. The impairment produced by combined serotonergic-cholinergic lesions is reminiscent of that seen in memory-impaired aged rats. In the present experiment, we investigated whether grafts of ch