Studies published between 2001 and 2005 that utilise cryogenic transmission electron microscopy as a tool for investigating solutions containing DNA with or without amphiphiles present are reviewed. DNA or oligonucleotides form complexes with amphiphilic molecules such as lipids, so-called lipoplexes, and the structures and morphologies are excellent objects to study by cryogenic transmission elec

On film critic Robin Wood's work in the 1970s.

We consider a nontrivial symmetric periodic gravity wave on a current with nondecreasing vorticity. It is shown that if the surface profile is monotone between trough and crest, it is in fact strictly monotone. The result is valid for both finite and infinite depth.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the influence of residual beta-cell function on glucagon secretion and glucose counter-regulation following hypoglycaemia in type 1 diabetes. DESIGN AND SUBJECTS: The hormonal counter-regulatory responses to standardized insulin-induced hypoglycaemia were investigated, 18 patients with type 1 diabetes of long duration and 12 healthy subjects were investigated. Nine of the d

The article is devoted to investigation of the classes of functions belonging to the gaps between classes Pn+1 (I) and P, (I) of matrix monotone functions for full matrix algebras of successive dimensions. In this paper we address the problem of characterizing polynomials belonging to the gaps P-n(I) Pn+1 (I) for bounded intervals L We show that solution of this problem is closely linked to soluti

The present contribution focuses on the mathematical techniques used to solve steady state metabolic models for the case of an overdetermined system. Even when parts of the system are underdetermined it is possible to solve the model partially and obtain statistically meaningful results. This is illustrated with data gathered from a set of E. coli W3110.shik1 phosphate- or carbon-limited continuou

A simple, efficient, and flexible procedure for the synthesis of chiral, amphiphilic, and water-soluble macrocycles is reported. Acylation of p-xylylenediamine with N-Fmoc-protected glycine, -aspartic acid, -glutamic acid, and -arginine, followed by removal of Fmoc-groups, gave amino acid:p-xylylene conjugate diamines, which were converted to ten macrocycles via stepwise urea formation using p-nit

A survey at all six medical faculties in Sweden in the spring 2004 showed that basic medical schooling (Medical School) only included an average of 59 full hours of geriatrics, with a fivefold variation between universities (19 to 106 hours). This is despite the fact that the need for geriatric skills in the health care sector is steadily increasing. A test of general knowledge in geriatrics just

This work proposes methodologies using a model-based approach to gain knowledge on and assist the development of an ion-exchange step in a protein purification process; the separation of IgG from a mixture containing IgG, insulin and transferrin. This approach is suitable for capture and intermediate steps in a process. Both methods involve four consecutive steps. Firstly, the retention of the dif

Accurate measurements of solute concentration are needed to conduct studies of solute transport process in unsaturated soil. In this paper we present a method of obtaining accurate measurements in and space using dye infiltration and image analysis. The soil color was related to the dye concentration in the soil (C-s) using 74 small calibration samples. The overall root mean square error (RMSE) 0.

Cysteine proteinases, especially cathepsin K, play an important role in osteoclastic degradation of bone matrix proteins and the process can, consequently, be significantly inhibited by cysteine proteinase inhibitors. We have recently reported that cystatin C and other cysteine proteinase inhibitors also reduce osteoclast formation. However, it is not known which cysteine proteinase(s) are involve

We compared the differences between spring and autumn in migration speed, fuelling rates and fuel loads of migrating Red Knots Calidris canutus. As a basis we used ringing data from Ottenby Bird Observatory, southeastern Sweden, collected 1948–2003, with morphometrical data from 1990–2003. Numbers ringed varied between 0 and 301 per year (average 56). Morphometrics, recoveries and recaptures of ri

Popular Abstract in Swedish Avhandlingen består av tre artiklar som med en teoretisk utgångspunkt valutamarknader och valutaprissättning. Framförallt undersöks vilken roll förväntningarna har vid prissättningen på valutor. Normalt tänker man på priset på en valuta som växelkursen, det vill säga ett pris mätt i termer av en annan valuta. Men vad är det egentligen som bestämmer den aktuella och den The thesis consists of three essays on currency markets, equilibrium and expectations. The first essay examines currency markets in the setting of a temporary equilibrium model with two currencies and two central banks, where consumers have one-point expectations. Assuming that both central banks use floating exchange rate policies it is shown that if consumers have common expectations the curren

The Swedish National Diabetes Register presents results during the period 1996-2003. Quality of care data from more than 75,000 diabetic patients (2003) treated at medical departments and primary health care centres are evaluated concerning national goals of HbA1c < 6.5% and BP < 140/85 mm Hg, the prevalence of lipid treatment, smoking etc. The national goals of HbA1c and BP were reached with incr

This paper presents a dynamic mathematical model that describes the fate and transport of two selected xenobiotic organic compounds (XOCs) in a simplified representation. of an integrated urban wastewater system. A simulation study, where the xenobiotics bisphenol A and pyrene are used as reference compounds, is carried out. Sorption and specific biological degradation processes are integrated wit