Mate choice for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) compatibility has been found in several taxa, although rarely in birds. MHC is a crucial component in adaptive immunity and by choosing an MHC-dissimilar partner, heterozygosity and potentially broad pathogen resistance is maximized in the offspring. The MHC genotype influences odour cues and preferences in mammals and fish and hence olfactory

Background: Although diet has long been suspected as an etiological factor for colorectal cancer, studies of single foods and nutrients have provided inconsistent results. Objective: We used factor analysis methods to study associations between dietary patterns and colorectal cancer in middle-aged Americans. Design: Diet was assessed among 293 615 men and 198 767 women in the National Institutes o

Data on frequency, severity and correlations of NMS with motor complications are only available for a limited number of NMS. The NMS Scale (NMSS) is a validated tool to assess a broad range of NMS, which has not been used in NMS fluctuations. We assessed fluctuations of a broad range of non-motor symptom (NMS) for a 1-month time period in fluctuating Parkinson's disease (PD) in a multicenter cross

Knowing the genetic variation that occurs in pathogen populations and how it is distributed across geographical areas is essential to understand parasite epidemiology, local patterns of virulence, and evolution of host-resistance. In addition, it is important to identify populations of pathogens that are evolutionarily independent and thus free' to adapt to hosts and environments. Here, we investi

After a brief introduction to some core questions in the history of the book, such as the relationship between form and content, this article investigates the concept of facsimile and its use, and discusses a range of documents that go by the name of “facsimile”. The prevailing definitions of the term “facsimile” focus on the technical means of reproduction and the “exactness” of the copy. However

Kommenterad och med omfattande inledning försedd faksimilutgåva av lundakarnevalspublikationen "Lund just nu!", författad av bl a Axel Wallengren.

A continuous-review two-echelon inventory system with one central warehouse and a number of nonidentical retailers is considered. The retailers face independent Poisson demand and apply standard (R, Q) policies. The retailer order quantities are fixed integer multiples of a certain batch size, representing the smallest pallet or container size transported in the system. A warehouse order may consi

The Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) aimed for a one-dimensional quantity adequately reflecting the human physiological reaction to the multi-dimensionally defined actual outdoor thermal environment. The human reaction was simulated by the UTCI-Fiala multi-node model of human thermoregulation, which was integrated with an adaptive clothing model. Following the concept of an equivalent temper

Akademisk teori såväl som politiska diskussioner framhåller ofta entreprenörskap som gynnsamt för ekonomisk tillväxt. De specifika teoretiska mekanismerna som gör att entreprenörskap leder till tillväxt har dock inte kunnat fastslås och det är därför inte klart om entreprenörskap alltid är ekonomiskt gynnsamt, och för vem? I denna artikel kommer vi att sammanfatta den empiriska forskningen inom en

Background: B-vitamins are essential for one-carbon metabolism and have been linked to colorectal cancer. Although associations with folate have frequently been studied, studies on other plasma vitamins B2, B6, and B12 and colorectal cancer are scarce or inconclusive. Methods: We carried out a nested case-control study within the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition, includ

Background: The Patient Enablement Instrument (PEI), which has been used to evaluate core ingredients in primary care consultations, has been proposed as a means of moving beyond patient satisfaction evaluations. The aim of the present study was to examine the reliability and applicability of the PEI to the Swedish context. Methods: The original PEI was translated to Swedish and included in a ques

This special section of an issue of Science and Public Policy grew out of an interest in following the politics of the European Spallation Source (ESS) Facility at Lund, Sweden. The ESS spectacle provided a platform from which to review different research infrastructure projects and to place them in the context of science policy as a whole. Large-scale research infrastructure investments are often

Context. It is still debated whether or not the Galactic chemical evolution of sulphur in the halo follows the flat trend with [Fe/H] that is ascribed to the result of explosive nucleosynthesis in type II SNe. It has been suggested that the disagreement between different investigations of sulphur abundances in halo stars might be owing to problems with the diagnostics used, that a new production s

Understanding how learning occurs, and what improves or impedes the learning process is of importance to academicians and practitioners; however, empirical research on validating learning curves is sparse. This paper contributes to this line of research by collecting and analyzing CAD (computer-aided design) procedural and cognitive performance data for novice trainees during 16-weeks of training.

Popular Abstract in Swedish Hemofili A är en form av blödarsjuka som beror på en medfödd defekt av äggviteämnet faktor VIII (FVIII). FVIII spelar en viktig roll för att kroppens blodlevringsförmåga (s.k. koagulation) ska fungera optimalt och med nedsatt funktion hos FVIII riskerar man att drabbas av allvarliga blödningar i framför allt leder, men även i muskler, slemhinnor (t.ex. näsblödning) och Haemophilia A (HA) is caused by defective synthesis of coagulation factor VIII(FVIII), which has serious effects on haemostasis; joints being the most common site of bleeding. The development of FVIII replacements has improved the situation for patients with haemophilia such that chronic arthropathy can be prevented, and life expectancy and the quality of life have increased. However, approximatel

Objective: To describe a multidisciplinary program, given by an occupational therapist and a physiotherapist, for patients with stress-related disease in primary health care and to measure the effect of this program in terms of self-perceived health, degree of burnout, physical activity, symptoms, recreational activities, and psychological and physical well-being. Method: Retrospective study. Re