What is a musical instrument? A meaningful answer must go beyond the description of a physical object. Depending on the perspective from which the question is asked, it can be answered in many different ways. But one aspect of the answer probably remains – that the identity of a musical instrument shifts through time and across genres, and that it has different potentials depending on the musician

A range of cardiovascular risk factors associated with stroke are known, but they do not explain all cases of stroke. Genetic factors can be responsible for certain forms of stroke, and are further investigated in this thesis. The aims of this thesis were to study the occurrence of familial clustering of stroke, compile known stroke-associated genetic conditions for diagnostic and research genetic

Since the turn of the Millennium, there have been extensive debates on the relationship between the European Union (EU) and civil society. EU institutions have tended to regard associations and organizations of civil society as way to counterbalance the EU’s democratic deficit and/or as a means to foster effective implementation of policies. Much research has accordingly analysed how EU discourses

Previous studies have shown that measurements of beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas) and bottlenose dolphin (Tur-siops truncatus) echolocation signals at off-axis angles may be well modeled using a Gaussian bell function or a chirped Gaussian function as envelope. In this paper, we apply a novel technique, the matched window reassignment, for investigation of a range of models of dolphin echoloca

The reassignment vectors of the matched reassigned spectrogram (MRS) have shown to be sensitive to noise, with resulting degraded precision in the time-frequency localization. In this paper we propose a multitaper reassignment (mtRS) method for estimation of time- and frequency locations of Gaussian envelope transients. We present novel expressions for the reassignment vectors with use of a non-ma

In this paper, the matched reassigned spectrogram is expanded into a novel matched phase reassignment (MPR) method based on the reassigned cross-spectrogram. It is shown that for two phase synchronized oscillating transient signals, the method gives perfect time-frequency (TF) localization. The MPR is thereby a TF local measure of phase synchronization and can also be used to measure phase differe

This is the third report form the CO2 Monitoring Task Force on the multiple input streams of in-situ observations that are requirement for the Copernicus CO2 Monitoring and Verification Support capacity to: (i) calibrated and validate the space component, (ii) assimilate data in the models and integrate information in the core of the system, and (iii) evaluate the output generated by the system fo

Writing as dusk fell on the mid-Republic, Ennius (238–169 BCE) purportedly remarked, ‘Kings throughout their kingship are in quest of statues and sepulchres; they build up a name and strain with all their might and main’. A poet whose verse mediated between the Greek and Roman worlds, he knew the weight of his words, and they usefully highlight the political presence of a tomb. Not that this is un

Oestrogen receptor β (ERβ) has been suggested to have anti-proliferative and anti-tumour effects in breast and prostate cancer cells, but other studies have indicated its tumour-promoting effects. Understanding the complex effects of this receptor in different contexts requires further study. We reported that high ERβ expression is independently associated with improved prognosis in female colorec