AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key molecular regulator of cellular metabolism, and its activity is induced by both metformin and thiazolidinedione antidiabetic medications. It has therefore been proposed both as a putative agent in the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes and as a valid target for therapeutic intervention. Thus, the genes that encode the various AMPK subunits are intriguin

Popular Abstract in Swedish Denna avhandling redogör för cellulär lokalisation, reglering och funktion av två nya peptider, ghrelin och CART, i pankreas (bukspottskörteln). Pankreas och de Langerhanska öarna: Pankreas består av en exokrin del, som producerar matspjälkningsenzymer till mag-tarm kanalen, och en endokrin del som producerar hormoner som insöndras i blodomloppet. Endokrina pankreas bUntil recently, the islets of Langerhans were thought to harbour four main cell types characterised with respect to principal hormone product. Here we show that the novel hormone ghrelin is expressed in a fifth islet cell type, the islet ghrelin cell, in humans and rodents. The cells are developmentally regulated in that they are numerous around birth and fewer in the adult. The islet ghrelin cell

Historik över olika inspelningar av jazzmelodin "Wang Wang Blues" med anledning av 80-årsminnet av dess första inspelning (med Paul Whitemans orkester 1920).

We compared the use of Norian SRS, an injectable calcium phosphate bone cement, with functional treatment of redisplaced distal radial fractures in a prospective randomized study of 20 patients. The redisplaced fractures were either rereduced and stabilized by Norian SRS, or the displaced position was accepted and was not rereduced. All wrists were immobilized in a short-arm dorsal splint for 1 we

Idiopathic facial paralysis, or Bell's palsy, shows a nonepidemic pattern that might indicate reactivation of a latent microorganism such as herpes simplex type I as a causative agent. Thirty percent of patients with Bell's palsy given no treatment will not recover completely, and 5% will have severe sequelae. The aim of this study was to find out whether treatment with an antiviral drug in combin

This study with the Civil Aircraft for Regular Investigation of the Atmosphere Based on an Instrument Container (CARIBIC) platform investigates the aerosol elemental concentrations at 9-11 km altitude in the northern hemisphere. Measurements from 31 intercontinental flights over a 2-year period between Germany and Sri Lanka/Maldives in the Indian Ocean are presented. Aerosol samples were collected

Abstract in French 244 hanches chez 230 malades consécutifs ont été opérées avec une prothèse cimentée à tête de 32 mm. L'âge moyen à la chirurgie était 77 (46–96) années. Au délai de 10 ans 89 malades (95 hanches) étaient morts et 33 malades (35 hanches) non revus à cause de l'âge ou de problèmes médicaux. 13 hanches avaient été révisées pour descellement aseptique, deux pour infection, une pour In 230 consecutive patients 244 hips were operated with a 32-mm cemented prosthesis. The mean age at surgery was 77 (46-96) years. At the 10-year follow-up 89 patients (95 hips) were dead and 33 patients (35 hips) did not attend because of old age or medical problems. Thirteen hips had been revised for aseptic loosening, two for infection, one for recurrent dislocations, and one for fracture. Four

Background--The clinical benefits of lipid lowering with statins are attributed to changes in plaque composition leading to lesion stability, but supporting clinical data from human studies are lacking. Therefore, we investigated the effect of 3 months of pravastatin treatment on composition of human carotid plaques removed during carotid endarterectomy. Methods and Results--Consecutive patients w

The distribution of sediment-dispersed extraterrestrial (ordinary chondritic) chromite (EC) grains (>63 pm) has been studied across the latest Maastrichtian and Paleocene in the Bottaccione Gorge section at Gubbio, Italy. This section is ideal for determining the accumulation rate of EC because of its condensed nature and well-constrained sedimentation rates. In a total of 210 kg of limestone repr

Topological properties of "scale-free" networks are investigated by determining their spectral dimensions d(S), which reflect a diffusion process in the corresponding graphs. Data bases for citation networks and metabolic networks together with simulation results from the growing network model [A.-L. Barabasi and R. Albert, Science 286, 509 (1999)] are probed. For completeness and comparisons latt

In the equation for thermal energy output from a flat-plate solar collector (written as a function of the collector mean heat carrier temperature), both the gain and the loss terms are multiplied by the collector efficiency factor, F'. For a concentrating collector with an uneven (non-uniform) irradiation on the absorber, the efficiency factor for the gain term, here called the optical efficiency

Rotational coherent anti-Stokes Raman spectroscopy (CARS) is used for measurements of temperatures and relative species concentrations. The evaluation of a rotational CARS spectrum is normally performed using a least-squares fitting algorithm to find the best-fit theoretical spectrum in a library of spectra calculated at different temperatures and relative concentrations. A general problem is that

The first modern Swedish checklist of fungus gnats of the families Bolitophilidae, Diadocidiidae, Ditomyiidae, Keroplatidae and Mycetophilidae is presented. The checklist results from a comprehensive literature research as well as treatment of a considerable determined and undetermined material from Swedish museum collections and recent material from several sources. To get better grounds for judg

Hur påverkar snön och isen hydrologin i Sverige...

Given the rapidly increasing number of women above 50 it is of pivotal importance to consider health issues related to gonadal hormone deficiency. The possibility of alleviating such symptoms by hormone replacement therapy (HRT) should be recognized by all physicians, not merely by gynaecologists. But which women should be given what therapy, and for how long? Due to the increased risk of endometr