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Infant Body Composition and Adipokine Concentrations in Relation to Maternal Gestational Weight Gain.

OBJECTIVETo investigate associations of maternal gestational weight gain and body composition and their impact on offspring body composition and adipocytokine, glucose, and insulin concentrations at age 4 months.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODSThis was a prospective study including 31 mother-infant pairs (N = 62). Maternal body composition was assessed using doubly labeled water. Infant body compositio

Polyelectrolyte-surfactant association-from fundamentals to applications

Mixed polymer-surfactant systems have broad applications, ranging from detergents, paints, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic to biotechnological. A review of the underlying polymer-surfactant association in bulk is given. While ionic surfactants bind broadly to polymers, nonionics only do so if the polymer has a lower polarity and can interact by hydrophobic interactions. Water-soluble polymers, which

Uniform and position-controlled InAs nanowires on 2('') Si substrates for transistor applications.

This study presents a novel approach for indirect integration of InAs nanowires on 2('') Si substrates. We have investigated and developed epitaxial growth of InAs nanowires on 2('') Si substrates via the introduction of a thin yet high-quality InAs epitaxial layer grown by metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy. We demonstrate well-aligned nanowire growth including precise position and diameter control

SNP in the genome-wide association study hotspot on chromosome 9p21 confers susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy in type 1 diabetes

Parental type 2 diabetes mellitus increases the risk of diabetic nephropathy in offspring with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Several single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that predispose to type 2 diabetes mellitus have recently been identified. It is, however, not known whether such SNPs also confer susceptibility to diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. We genotyped nine S

Low preparedness before the loss of a wife to cancer and the widower's chronic pain 4-5 years later-a population-based study

ObjectiveThe focus of this study was on the impact of spousal loss on the development of chronic pain thereafter. More specifically, the aim was to investigate the effect of experiencing low preparedness before a wife's death and the widower's chronic pain 4-5 years after loss. MethodsIn a population-based study in the years 2004-2005, anonymous questionnaires were sent out to 907 men in Sweden wh

Source localization of rhythmic ictal EEG activity: A study of diagnostic accuracy following STARD criteria

PurposeAlthough precise identification of the seizure-onset zone is an essential element of presurgical evaluation, source localization of ictal electroencephalography (EEG) signals has received little attention. The aim of our study was to estimate the accuracy of source localization of rhythmic ictal EEG activity using a distributed source model. MethodsSource localization of rhythmic ictal scal

Flow of energy in the outer retina in darkness and in light

Structural features of neurons create challenges for effective production and distribution of essential metabolic energy. We investigated how metabolic energy is distributed between cellular compartments in photoreceptors. In avascular retinas, aerobic production of energy occurs only in mitochondria that are located centrally within the photoreceptor. Our findings indicate that metabolic energy f

Behaviour of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and eight of their metabolites during wastewater treatment studied by hollow fibre liquid phase microextraction and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry.

In this work hollow fibre liquid phase microextraction combined with liquid chromatography mass spectrometry was applied for the determination of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) ketoprofen, naproxen, diclofenac and ibuprofen as well as eight of their known human metabolites in wastewater samples. Extraction time and addition of tri-n-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO) to the liquid memb

Low androstenedione/sex hormone binding globulin ratio increases fracture risk in postmenopausal women. The Women's Health in the Lund Area study.

The Women's Health in the Lund Area (WHILA) project (n=6917) is a cohort study that started in 1995 and includes a postal questionnaire, physical examination, bone density measurement and blood laboratory analyses. Fracture data have been added, and in this report fracture risk and its association with sex hormones was analysed in postmenopausal women without current hormone therapy (HT). A total

Hundreds of variants clustered in genomic loci and biological pathways affect human height

Most common human traits and diseases have a polygenic pattern of inheritance: DNA sequence variants at many genetic loci influence the phenotype. Genome-wide association (GWA) studies have identified more than 600 variants associated with human traits(1), but these typically explain small fractions of phenotypic variation, raising questions about the use of further studies. Here, using 183,727 in

Dissatisfied patients after total knee arthroplasty.

Background and purpose - In 2003, an enquiry by the Swedish Knee Arthroplasty Register (SKAR) 2-7 years after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) revealed patients who were dissatisfied with the outcome of their surgery but who had not been revised. 6 years later, we examined the dissatisfied patients in one Swedish county and a matched group of very satisfied patients. Patients and methods - 118 TKAs i

Heparin-binding protein (HBP) in critically ill patients with influenza A (H1N1) infection

Heparin-binding protein (HBP) is an inducer of vascular endothelial leakage in severe infections. Fluid accumulation into alveoli is a general finding in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Severe acute respiratory failure with ARDS is a complication of influenza A(H1N1) infection. Accordingly, we studied the HBP levels in critically ill patients with infection of influenza A(H1N1).Critica

School bullying and the mechanisms of moral disengagement

The aim of the present study was to examine to what degree different mechanisms of moral disengagement were related to age, gender, bullying, and defending among school children. Three hundred and seventy-two Swedish children ranging in age from 10 to 14 years completed a questionnaire. Findings revealed that boys expressed significantly higher levels of moral justification, euphemistic labeling,

Brain Resuscitation in the Drowning Victim

Drowning is a leading cause of accidental death. Survivors may sustain severe neurologic morbidity. There is negligible research specific to brain injury in drowning making current clinical management non-specific to this disorder. This review represents an evidence-based consensus effort to provide recommendations for management and investigation of the drowning victim. Epidemiology, brain-orient

Reductive evolution of proteomes and protein structures

The lengths of orthologous protein families in Eukarya are almost double the lengths found in Bacteria and Archaea. Here we examine protein structures in 745 genomes and show that protein length differences between superkingdoms arise as much shorter prokaryotic nondomain linker sequences. Eukaryotic, bacterial, and archaeal linkers are 250, 86, and 73 aa residues in length, respectively, whereas