Strålning inom vården används till allt ifrån bedöma benbrott till att behandla cancer. Cancerbehandling med högenergetiskt ljus är den allra vanligaste typen av strålbehandling och brukar benämnas konventionell strålbehandling. Däremot har terapi med protoner blivit allt vanligare runt om i världen. Vid konventionell strålbehandling går energistrålen in i kroppen, genom tumören och ut på andra siPurpose/Background: Utilizing proton therapy (PT) for treatment of Hodgkin’s lymphoma (HL) has demonstrated favorable features, particularly a reduced dose to organs at risk (OAR) in comparison with photon radiotherapy. However, there is a coherent complexity with PT including its uncertainties, such as range-uncertainties and set-up variations as protons are highly sensitive to tissue density var

Avancerade 3D skrivare är en etablerad teknologi och används inom många olika områden. Nu finns det möjligheter att 3D printa hus, proteser och även viss mat kan 3D printas. Detta visar att denna typ av 3D teknologi har en oerhörd bredd och potential. På senare tid har enklare 3D skrivare utvecklats för kommersiellt bruk. Detta har gjort att teknologin blivit mer lättillgänglig för allmänheten ochIntroduction: Today, 3D printing is a versatile tool used in a wide range of fields. With the advent of more cost-effective fused deposition modelling (FDM) 3D printing technologies it is time to investi- gate what such a 3D printer has to offer in radiation science applications. This master thesis will inves- tigate if there is a possibility to use a FDM 3D printer to construct an optically stimu

The purpose of this thesis is to examine how the exposure of the coastal population of Kalimantan, Indonesia changed as a result of coastal mangrove loss and population growth. The change of exposure has therefore been calculated through the loss of mangrove biomass, through deforestation and degradation, over time, as well the increase in population living within 10km2 of disturbed mangroves. TheMangrove ecosystems have the potential to provide a host of ecosystem services to the communities surrounding them. Dense, healthy, networks of mangroves are able to provide a buffer to coastlines against the increasingly frequent and intense storms, expected under the influence of climate change. Additionally, healthy, mangrove ecosystem provide coastal communities with other benefits such as mor

This study aims to investigate how health care social workers experience their license relative to the professionalization of the occupation. Seven qualitative semi-structured interviews were performed with licensed hospital social workers. The framework in this study consists of theory about profession through a set of concepts that constitute criteria for an occupation to be considered a profess

The Svalbard Seed Vault serves as a backup against accidental loss of genetic crop diversity within the existing global conservation system. Addressing this objective, this thesis repeats the 2013 assessment of the Seed Vault’s completeness relative to the global conservation system as performed by Westengen et al (2013, 1). It is shown that gaps have continued to exist in Svalbard’s collection. S

This Bachelor’s thesis is in collaboration with Saab Kockums AB. Saab Kockums develops and constructs marine technology, ships and submarines for civil and military use. In different development stages for systems to be implemented and built on ships, submarines or the like, different components such as sensors or information display systems need to be tested and functionality verified. For the sy

This paper examines the identities of Chinese Muslims who are simultaneously an ethnic minority and a religious majority in the Malaysian social context. The research questions how their identities shape their festival practices and social environments. As the research question in this paper is highly relevant to identity, identity theories serve as the theoretical framework for this paper to supp

Avhopparverksamheter finns till för att hjälpa individer som står inför vägvalet att antingen fortsätta vara kriminell, eller göra vad som krävs för att ändra sin livsstil. Det önskvärda för många är att bo i ett laglydigt samhälle och avhopparverksamheter är idag en viktig del i arbetet för den ambitionen. Men frågan är hur dessa verksamheter arbetar i praktiken, med de människor som kan ses

Simulering av viktnedgång visar minskad belastning på brosket i knäleden Artros i knäleden är en av de vanligaste orsakerna till handikapp bland äldre och medför stora kostnader för samhället och sjukvårdssystem världen runt. Kostnaderna ökar dessutom. Bättre metoder för att tidigt upptäcka artros eftersöks för att kunna sätta in preventiv behandling. Att simulera knäledens biomekanik med beräkniOsteoarthritis (OA) is a common musculoskeletal disorder that degrades articular cartilage and is a leading cause of disability worldwide. Overweight has been considered a major risk factor of knee OA, and it is known that weight loss may reduce the risk of knee OA. The biomechanical mechanisms of how weight loss affects knee cartilage are however unknown. Evaluating the biomechanics of cartilage

The aim of this study has been to achieve a greater understanding of school counselors' arguments regarding their professional role in relation to the pupils' learning and education. Previous research show a correlation with pupils' health and school achievement, which makes school counselors' reasoning regarding the same matter interesting. In this study, qualitative interviews ha

The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of gamification on employees in the workplace. Despite the fact that gamification is a relatively recent phenomenon, numerous studies have already been undertaken to develop the concept's theoretical foundation. In order to further expand the topic, the following study examines the workplace experiences of five end users of gamified systems

This thesis investigates how impact assessment can contribute to organisational learning and whether there are ways to enhance it. To answer these questions, the research takes a form of a qualitative case study carried out in collaboration with the non-profit organisation Reach for Change which represents a single case. The research data is drawn from two primary sources of evidence: organisation

Galaxer formas när enorma gasmoln kollapsar på grund av gravitation. Små ojämnheter får gasen att rotera vilket leder till att molnet pressas ihop till en disk. Stjärnor bildas av gasen som i sin tur fortsätter att rotera. Under tid dör stjärnorna och blir till gas igen som sedan bildar nya stjärnor. Interaktioner mellan galaxersker genom kollisioner och gravitationskrafter. Det kan påverka galaxThe Large and Small Magellanic Clouds (LMC & SMC) are the two largest galaxies orbiting the Milky Way (MW). The interactions between them have affected the evolution of both galaxies. The interactions have affected the galaxies differently depending on how strong they have been. Tidal forces from the interactions are argued to have produced a stream of stars and gas called the Magellanic Bridg

Recent years, geopolitical risks have dominated the news feed for the financial markets. There have historically been some geopolitical events that have resulted in major declines in the stock market and such a market day can be classified as a geopolitical Black Swan. The purpose of this essay is to investigate the area of CAPM beta and geopolitical risk where the main investigation is if beta is

Today, the digital transformation provides new avenues for women’s empowerment. Information and communication technologies (ICTs), including the internet, can contribute to greater gender equality by enabling everyone access to the same online resources and opportunities. Yet, the prevalence of a gender digital divide means that many women, not least in Tunisia and the Middle East and North Africa

Background: Mental disorders, symptoms of mental illness, and prevalence rates of such among athletes are equal to or exceed those of the general population, and research findings have suggested that athletes have more risk factors than the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic due to the far-reaching consequences COVID-19 restrictions have had on the world of sport. The study aimed to c

This thesis creates multiple indices to score and rank developing countries with regard to their suitability for engaging in debt-for-climate swaps, and thus identify the most suitable country candidates. The origin of debt-for-climate swaps lies in the 1980s, and after a period of diminished use and attention they have become a topic of discussion again, especially in the last two years. Desp

The COVID-19 pandemic sparked a global debate on intellectual property rights involving various actors including nation states, civil society, and business. In October 2020, South Africa and India proposed that certain intellectual property rights on COVID-19 health products should be temporarily waivered for the remainder of the pandemic invoking strong opposition from the pharmaceutical industry