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Taking advantage of the unconventional reactivity of twisted mono- and bis-amides of Tröger's base (TB), rac-6 and rac-7, respectively, the first synthesis of a 6-endo-monosubstituted TB analogue, rac-9, and the first rational synthesis of a 6,12-endo,endo-disubstituted TB analogue, rac-11, have been achieved. The bis-TB crown ether, meso-13, was prepared starting from rac-7. Meso-13 constitutes a
Background: There is a paucity of instruments designed to evaluate the multiple dimensions of the workplace as an educational environment for undergraduate medical students. Aim: The aim was to develop and psychometrically evaluate an instrument to measure how undergraduate medical students perceive the clinical workplace environment, based on workplace learning theories and empirical findings. Me
Objective: To review research articles in psychiatry and psychology involving Latin American populations and/or produced by Latin American scholars to investigate the differential diagnosis between spiritual/anomalous experiences and mental disorders in order to contribute to the validity of the International Classification of Diseases towards its 11(th) edition in this area. Method: We searched e
Hyperglycaemia and glucose degradation products (GDPs) are closely associated with oxidative stress and inflammation in diabetic patients, a condition that leads to endothelial dysfunction and cardiovascular problems. We evaluated the effect of citrate and gluconate on glucose- and GDP-induced endothelial inflammation by measuring changes in viability, inflammation and function in primary human um
The strength of forward-backward (FB) multiplicity correlations is measured by the ALICE detector in proton-proton (pp) collisions at = 0.9, 2.76 and 7 TeV. The measurement is performed in the central pseudorapidity region (|eta| < 0.8) for the transverse momentum p (T) > 0.3 GeV/c. Two separate pseudorapidity windows of width (delta eta) ranging from 0.2 to 0.8 are chosen symmetrically around eta
The heterodinuclear mixed-valence complex [FeMn(ICIMP)(OAc)(2)Cl] (1) {H2ICIMP = 2-(N-carboxylmethyl)-[N-(N-methylimidazolyl-2-methyl)aminomethyl]-[6-(N-isopropylmethyl)-[N-(N-methylimidazolyl-2-methyl)]aminomethyl-4-methylphenol], an unsymmetrical N4O2 donor ligand} has been synthesized and fully characterized by several spectroscopic techniques as well as by X-ray crystallography. The crystal st
Recurrent copy number variants (CNVs) are found in a significant proportion of patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) and some of these CNVs are associated with other developmental defects. In some syndromic patients, CHD may be the first presenting symptom, thus screening of patients with CHD for CNVs in specific genomic regions may lead to early diagnosis and awareness of extracardiac symp
Lately, much work in the area of voltage stability assessment has been focused on finding post-contingency corrective controls. In this article a contribution to this area will be presented where we search for maximal loadability while considering post-contingency corrective controls. This objective is different from the usual approach to the problem, where the aim is to include the post-contingen
Although stiff differential equations is a mature area of research in scientific computing, a rigorous and computationally relevant characterization of stiffness is still missing. In this paper, we present a critical review of the historical development of the notion of stiffness, before introducing a new approach. A functional, called the stiffness indicator, is defined terms of the logarithmic
To delineate arsenic (As) safe aquifer(s) within shallow depth, the present study has investigated the shallow hydrostratigraphic framework over an area of 100km(2) at Chakdaha Block of Nadia District, West Bengal. Drilling of 29 boreholes and subsequent hydrostratigraphic modeling has identified three types of aquifer within 50m below ground level (bgl). Aquifer-1 represents a thick paleochannel
Angioedema is a potentially life-threatening adverse reaction to angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers. To study the genetic etiology of this rare adverse event, international consortia and multicentre recruitment of patients are needed. To reduce patient heterogeneity, we have standardised the phenotype. In brief, it comprises swelling in the head and neck reg
Closure is a problem of defining the convective intensity in a given parameterization. In spite of many years of efforts and progress, it is still considered an overall unresolved problem. The present article reviews this problem from phenomenological perspectives. The physical variables that may contribute in defining the convective intensity are listed, and their statistical significances identi
The cross-section average (CA) augmentation approach of Pesaran (A simple panel unit root test in presence of cross-section dependence. Journal of Applied Econometrics 2007; 22: 265–312) and Pesaran et al. (Panel unit root test in the presence of a multifactor error structure. Journal of Econometrics 2013; 175: 94–115), and the principal components-based panel analysis of non-stationarity in idios
Anthropomorphic model observers are mathe-matical algorithms which are applied to images with the ultimate goal of predicting human signal detection and classification accuracy across varieties of backgrounds, image acquisitions and display conditions. A limitation of current channelized model observers is their inability to handle irregularly-shaped signals, which are common in clinical images, w
Several applications, such as risk assessment within REACH or drug discovery, require reliable methods for the design of experiments and efficient testing strategies. Keeping the number of experiments as low as possible is important from both a financial and an ethical point of view, as exhaustive testing of compounds requires significant financial resources and animal lives. With a large initial
