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Downtimes in a manufacturing cell, line or individual machines are characterized by a stochastic behavior that their frequency and their duration display. A method is presented here for analyzing this dynamic behavior from a cost perspective. An important element of the method is statistical analysis of downtimes, including empirical distribution functions pertaining to downtimes of specific types
Due to the deregulation of the electricity market the power producers are forced to continuously investigate various means of maintaining/increasing their profits. Improving the electrical efficiency through hardware upgrades is probably the most commonly employed measure, although the interest for enhancements with regard to plant operation is on the rise. Plant operation improvement is often m
Styvmoderligt behandlat område. Undersökningar visar att vart tredje svenskt grundvattenprov är förorenat av växtskyddsmedel. Ändå övervakas bara fjorton procent av de svenska grundvattenförekomsterna. Sverige måste agera nu för att få kontroll över situationen, skriver nio forskare och experter.
Abstract Background: Many people with a visual impairment have only peripheral vision. However, there is limited knowledge of the peripheral optics of the eye and only some measurements are available in this field. Methods: We simulated the paths of peripheral rays through the eye by means of raytracing. Five programs were compared. The OSLO raytracing software proved to be not only the best one
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Growing US-Israeli tension over continued East Jerusalem settlement construction – which the White House appears unable to stop – underscores a deeper reality: The two-state solution is no longer possible. What are the alternatives? For the past few years, the idea of a “parallel states” structure has been discussed, suggesting a scenario with a two-states structure on the same land, both states c
This paper describes a novel tool for eliciting user requirements early in the design process of mobile applications. The "Mobile Oracle", as we have called it, is intended to help developers and designers obtain a better understanding of what the user wants at different points in space and time. It is an extension of a lo-fi version of the well-established Wizard of Oz technique, but it adds an "
