Objectives To identify the genetic determinants of fracture risk and assess the role of 15 clinical risk factors on osteoporotic fracture risk. Design Meta-analysis of genome wide association studies (GWAS) and a two-sample mendelian randomisation approach. Setting 25 cohorts from Europe, United States, east Asia, and Australia with genome wide genotyping and fracture data. Participants A discover

Bone Mineral Density (BMD) is a highly heritable trait, but genome-wide association studies have identified few genetic risk factors. Epidemiological studies suggest associations between BMD and several traits and diseases, but the nature of the suggestive comorbidity is still unknown. We used a novel genetic pleiotropy-informed conditional False Discovery Rate (FDR) method to identify single nucl

High mechanical load in alternating directions with sufficient rest in between the loading periods is one of the best stimuli to enhance bone mass and skeletal structure, both contributing independently to bone strength. The age-frame where skeletal benefits from exercise are largest is in late pre- and early peri-puberty. Recent publications with low level of evidence infer that such skeletal ben

Medial tibial stress syndrome, a common condition of uncertain origin found in athletes, is characterized by pain in the distal posteromedial aspect of the tibia during exercise, with or without increased scintigraphic uptake in the affected region. To determine whether medial tibial stress syndrome with increased scintigraphic uptake is associated with a change in tibial bone mineral density conf

PURPOSE: To validate metric optimized gating phase-contrast MR (MOG PC-MR) flow measurements for a range of fetal flow velocities in phantom experiments. 2) To investigate intra- and interobserver variability for fetal flow measurements at an imaging center other than the original site.METHODS: MOG PC-MR was compared to timer/beaker measurements in a pulsatile flow phantom using a heart rate (∼145

The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that perfusion SPECT, estimation of regional wall thickening using MRI and the distribution of ST changes on the admission ECG display similar localization of the MaR in patients with reperfused first-time MI. Eleven patients with first-time MI with ST-elevation underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), SPECT imaging within 3 hours

This study presents a new method for estimation and imaging of the area at risk (AaR) in myocardial infarction (MI). The values of the ST-segment deviations of 12-lead ECG signal were used as input parameters. Based on DECARTO model, the spherical surface was chosen as a reference surface to approximate the ventricular wall. On this surface, the spatial ST vector was projected. The center of AaR w

The campus of the National Metsovian Polytechnic in central Athens (henceforth Polytechneio), which was constructed in the late 19th century, has been a significant cornerstone in the sociopolitical landscape of the city. Within the history of modern Greece, Polytechneio is regarded as a symbol of resistance against the Greek military dictatorship (junta) in 1973. The surrounding wall of Polytechn

Understanding public responses to environmental policies can help in achieving a move towards more renewable energy. Focusing on two types of public responses to a policy, namely public acceptance and public support, this study utilizes a survey of car owners (N = 1422) to explore public responses to an environmental transport policy in Sweden. The results demonstrate higher levels of public accep

Objective: Patient-provider relationships with primary care and need for hospitalisations are related within the complex networks comprising healthcare. Our objective was to analyse mean days hospitalised, using registration status (active or passive listing) with a provider and number of consultations as proxies of patient-provider relationships with primary care, adjusting for morbidity burden,

Drug-related problems in the elderly is intended to serve as a source of information and clinical support in geriatric pharmacotherapy for students as well as all health care professionals, e.g. physicians, nurses and pharmacists. Pharmacotherapy is of great importance to all mankind. Drugs are however powerful and must be handled appropriately. This is especially important for elderly patients. D

In this paper, a new design methodology and process is proposed for small scale pure hydrogen production capable of serving energy markets ranging from distributed generation to vehicular refuelling. The system was designed for producing 7 Nm3/hr pure hydrogen (purity of < 1ppm CO dry), yielding 10 kWe net power from a fuel cell system with an overall parasitic power loss < 10 %. The discussion of

The Port of Rotterdam is an important industrial cluster mainly comprising of oil refining, chemical manufacturing and power and steam generation. In 2015, the area accounted for 18 % of the Netherlands' total CO2 emissions. The Port of Rotterdam Authority is aware that the port's economy is heavily exposed to future global and EU decarbonization policies, as the bulk of its activities focuses on

The Paris Agreement calls on all nations to pursue efforts to contribute to limiting the global temperature increase to 1.5 °C above pre-industrial levels. However, due to limited global, regional and country-specific analysis of highly ambitious GHG mitigation pathways, there is currently a lack of knowledge about the transformational changes needed in the coming decades to reach this target. Thr

The German federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) is home to important clusters of energy-intensive basic materials industries. 15 % of the EU's primary steel as well as 15 % of high-value base chemicals are produced here. Together with refinery fuels, cement, lime and paper production (also overrepresented in NRW) these are the most carbon-intensive production processes of the industrial m

In October 2014, the European Council agreed on a target of improving overall energy efficiency by at least 27 per cent by 2030. According to the European Council's conclusions, this target should not be translated into nationally binding targets. Nevertheless individual Member States are free to set higher national objectives if desired. However, it is difficult to assess the degree of ambition o