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Investigations of heterozygosity-fitness correlations (HFCs) are central to the understanding how genetic diversity is maintained in natural populations. Advanced genome-wide approaches will enrich the number of functional loci to be tested. We argue that a combined analysis of the genetic mechanisms of HFCs and selection signals at single loci will allow researchers to better understand the micro

Biografi över prinsessan Sophia Albertina, Gustaf III:s syster.

Background/aim - There are several reports that claim anticipation in complex or polygenic diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), Crohn disease or schizophrenia. The aim of the present study was to assess age at onset of MS during the last 60 years in the region of Costa de Ponent (Barcelona, Spain) showing how apparent changes in age at onset between generations can be an artefact of analysis

The influence on the short-range packing in dipolar fluids by molecular shape and by additional higher order electrostatic moments has been investigated by molecular dynamic simulations. The dipole polarization was found to decrease as the particles were elongated parallel to the dipole and to increase for elongation perpendicular to the dipole, eventually forming a nematic order. The addition of

Many HIV-2 and SIV isolates, as well as some HIV-1 strains, can use the orphan 7-transmembrane receptor GPR15 as co-receptor for efficient entry into host cells. GPR15 is expressed on central memory and effector memory CD4(+) T cells in healthy individuals and a subset of these cells is susceptible to HIV-1 and SIV infection. However, it has not been determined whether GPR15 expression is altered

There is currently substantial effort being invested into creating efficient thermoelectric (TE) nanowires based on topological insulator (TI) chalcogenide-type materials. A key premise of these efforts is the assumption that the generally good TE properties that these materials exhibit in bulk form will translate into similarly good or even better TE performance of the same materials in nanowire

Soil disturbance is recognised as an important restoration measure for conserving biodiversity in sandy soils. We used a soil disturbance (ploughing) experiment in a sandy grassland as well as a semi-natural disturbance (slope erosion enhanced by cattle trampling) gradient on a sandy slope to test the soil disturbance effects on the ground-living beetle community. Both experimental disturbance and

The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (T2D) among overweight/obese children and adolescents using different diagnostic/screening methods in comparison.

The incidence of atherosclerosis is significantly increased in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Infection is one factor that may be involved in the pathogenesis of both diseases. The cause of RA and atherosclerosis is unknown, and infection is one of the factors that may be involved in the pathogenesis of both diseases. The aims of this study were to identify bacteria in the aortic adventitia of patient

Recent experimental studies suggest that risk aversion is negatively related to cognitive ability. In this paper we report evidence that this relation may be spurious. We recruit a large subject pool drawn from the general Danish population for our experiment. By presenting subjects with choice tasks that vary the bias induced by random choices, we are able to generate both negative and positive c

BACKGROUND Despite a long interest in the historical fertility transition, there is still a lack of knowledge about disaggregated patterns that could help us understand the mechanisms behind the transition. In previous research the widely held view is that there was a change in the association between social status and fertility in conjunction with the fertility transition, implying that fertility

In this paper the PreAmplifier ShAper (PASA) for the Time Projection Chamber (TPC) of the ALICE experiment at LHC is presented. The ALICE TPC PASA is an ASIC that integrates 16 identical channels, each consisting of Charge Sensitive Amplifiers (CSA) followed by a Pole-Zero network, self-adaptive bias network, two second-order bridged-T filters, two non-inverting level shifters and a start-up circu

This paper focuses on the nexus between nascent entrepreneurship (NE) and inventive activity. It questions how NE affects inventive activity (including innovation and patenting) while analyzing the views and predictions that have used patenting as an indicator of entrepreneurial behavior. Using data on German researchers and controlling for their personal, professional and institutional attributes

In this article I address the significance of semiotic processes supporting early social interaction, communication and learning in the evolution of the modern human niche of infancy and childhood, known to be extended even in comparison with closely related hominin species. Human infancy and childhood is a biocultural niche, embedded within and causally contributing to the expansion and elaborati

The Nordic countries have a quite different urban structure and social systems than the USA. Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden may then constitute a critical test of the empirical reach of Richard Florida's much cited creative class thesis beyond its empirical basis in the USA. This paper employs comparative statistics to examine the importance of the quality of place in attracting members of th

Purpose: It is not yet possible to estimate the number of cases required for a beginner to become expert in laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. We estimated the learning curve of laparoscopic radical prostatectomy for positive surgical margins compared to a published learning curve for open radical prostatectomy. Materials and Methods: We reviewed records from 8,544 consecutive patients with prost